Table 1.
Quantitative comparison of overlap human milk MFGM and bovine milk MFGM (Bold proteins are significantly different proteins by one-way ANOVA; the values are log10 average iBAQ values of proteins; Human milk samples were collected from 10 healthy mothers that were between 3 and 10 months in lactation; Bovine milk samples were collected from 30 clinically healthy cows that were between 3 weeks and 10 months in lactation; data was normally distributed)
| Gene name | Protein name | HM | CM | Log2
(HM/CM) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LTF | Lactotransferrin | 6.87 | 5.03 | 6.13 | 0.000 |
| ALB | Serum albumin | 6.02 | 4.46 | 5.18 | 0.000 |
| FOLR1 | Folate receptor alpha | 5.16 | 3.85 | 4.35 | 0.000 |
| CD14 | Monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 | 5.37 | 4.51 | 2.87 | 0.000 |
| LALBA | Alpha-lactalbumin | 7.16 | 6.44 | 2.38 | 0.001 |
| TLR2 | Toll-like receptor 2 | 4.30 | 3.70 | 2.01 | 0.008 |
| KRT79 | Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 79 | 4.47 | 4.10 | 1.23 | 0.586 |
| ATP2B2 | Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 2 | 3.38 | 3.10 | 0.95 | 0.164 |
| YWHAZ | 14-3-3 protein zeta/delta | 4.29 | 4.02 | 0.89 | 0.084 |
| FASN | Fatty acid synthase | 4.02 | 3.81 | 0.70 | 0.125 |
| RRAS | Related RAS viral (R-ras) oncogene homolog | 3.67 | 3.46 | 0.67 | 0.591 |
| CSN2 | Beta-casein | 7.23 | 7.08 | 0.48 | 0.729 |
| SPP1 | Osteopontin | 5.06 | 5.09 | −0.09 | 0.585 |
| RAB10 | Ras-related protein Rab-10 | 4.55 | 4.61 | −0.20 | 0.720 |
| EEF1A1 | Elongation factor 1-alpha 1 | 4.17 | 4.23 | −0.22 | 0.686 |
| SAR1A | GTP-binding protein SAR1a | 4.35 | 4.43 | −0.26 | 0.737 |
| LSS | Lanosterol synthase | 4.27 | 4.39 | −0.38 | 0.387 |
| STX3 | Syntaxin-3 | 4.64 | 4.76 | −0.39 | 0.300 |
| RAB5C | Ras-related protein Rab-5C | 3.58 | 3.73 | −0.51 | 0.850 |
| CD9 | CD9 antigen | 5.79 | 5.99 | −0.67 | 0.245 |
| XDH | Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase | 6.11 | 6.34 | −0.76 | 0.047 |
| ANXA2 | Annexin A2 | 4.20 | 4.43 | −0.76 | 0.081 |
| STOM | Erythrocyte band 7 integral membrane protein | 5.28 | 5.55 | −0.88 | 0.027 |
| ACTG1 | Actin, cytoplasmic 2 | 4.71 | 4.98 | −0.90 | 0.026 |
| CD59 | CD59 molecule, complement regulatory protein | 6.12 | 6.40 | −0.94 | 0.057 |
| FGFBP1 | Fibroblast growth factor-binding protein 1 | 4.60 | 4.90 | −1.00 | 0.017 |
| CIDEA | Cell death activator CIDE-A | 4.57 | 4.87 | −1.02 | 0.077 |
| SAR1B | GTP-binding protein SAR1b | 3.41 | 3.72 | −1.03 | 0.280 |
| HSP90AA1 | Heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha | 2.95 | 3.31 | −1.19 | 0.510 |
| RAB1A | Ras-related protein Rab-1A | 4.68 | 5.06 | −1.24 | 0.021 |
| EHD4 | EH domain-containing protein 4 | 3.53 | 3.91 | −1.26 | 0.077 |
| BTN1A1 | Butyrophilin subfamily 1 member A1 | 6.80 | 7.32 | −1.70 | 0.001 |
| PLIN2 | Perilipin-2 | 6.24 | 6.80 | −1.87 | 0.001 |
| GNB1 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 | 3.79 | 4.36 | −1.87 | 0.006 |
| VAT1 | Synaptic vesicle membrane protein VAT-1 homolog | 3.98 | 4.55 | −1.88 | 0.003 |
| YWHAB | 14-3-3 protein beta/alpha | 3.03 | 3.60 | −1.91 | 0.432 |
| UBC | Polyubiquitin-C | 3.56 | 4.16 | −2.02 | 0.001 |
| RAB18 | Ras-related protein Rab-18 | 5.29 | 5.93 | −2.11 | 0.001 |
| MUC1 | Mucin-1 | 3.79 | 4.47 | −2.26 | 0.046 |
| RAC1 | Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 | 3.85 | 4.60 | −2.48 | 0.017 |
| RAB2A | Ras-related protein Rab-2A | 3.93 | 4.70 | −2.57 | 0.000 |
| PIGR | Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor | 5.17 | 5.99 | −2.73 | 0.000 |
| NUCB1 | Nucleobindin-1 | 2.58 | 3.54 | −3.22 | 0.067 |
| YKT6 | Synaptobrevin homolog YKT6 | 3.68 | 4.64 | −3.22 | 0.000 |
| FABP3 | Fatty acid-binding protein, heart | 5.09 | 6.09 | −3.33 | 0.001 |
| CSN1S1 | Alpha-S1-casein | 6.69 | 7.79 | −3.66 | 0.000 |
| ABCG2 | ATP-binding cassette, sub-family G, member 2 | 4.92 | 6.05 | −3.75 | 0.000 |
| ACSL1 | Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1 | 3.64 | 4.81 | −3.89 | 0.000 |
| HSPA8 | Heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein | 3.19 | 4.41 | −4.06 | 0.000 |
| DHRS1 | Dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR family) member 1 | 3.77 | 5.03 | −4.17 | 0.000 |
| CD36 | Platelet glycoprotein 4 | 4.78 | 6.25 | −4.90 | 0.000 |
| GNB2 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 | 3.40 | 5.34 | −6.43 | 0.000 |
| IGL@ | IGL@ protein | 4.39 | 6.49 | −6.96 | 0.000 |
| MFGE8 | Lactadherin | 4.46 | 6.72 | −7.53 | 0.000 |