Table 1.
Characteristics of the mothers in 2004 and 2015 Birth Cohort Studies. Pelotas, Brazil
| Variables | 2004 (n = 4244) |
2015 (n = 4129) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % (95%CI) | N | % (95%CI) | |
| Age (years) | n = 4242 | n = 4128 | ||
| 12 –19 | 848 | 19.0 (17.9 –20.2) | 620 | 15.0 (14.0 –16.1) |
| 20 –29 | 2224 | 49.8 (48.2 –51.2) | 1950 | 47.3 (45.7 –48.8) |
| 30 –39 | 1251 | 28.0 (26.7 –29.3) | 1434 | 34.7 (33.3 –36.2) |
| 40 –47 | 146 | 3.2 (2.8 –3.9) | 124 | 3.0 (2.5 –3.6) |
| Skin Color | n = 4192 | n = 4122 | ||
| White | 2581 | 61.6 (60.1 –63.0) | 2895 | 70.2 (68.8 –71.6) |
| Non-white | 1611 | 38.4 (37.0 –39.9) | 1227 | 29.8 (28.4 –31.2) |
| Schooling (years) | n = 4202 | n = 4127 | ||
| 0 –4 | 658 | 15.7 (14.6 –16.8) | 390 | 9.5 (8.6 –10.4) |
| 5 –8 | 1740 | 41.4 (39.9 –42.9) | 1082 | 26.2 (24.9 –27.6) |
| 9 –11 | 1385 | 33.0 (31.5 –34.4) | 1415 | 34.3 (32.9 –35.7) |
| > =12 | 419 | 9.9 (9.1 –10.9) | 1240 | 30.0 (28.7 –31.5) |
| Marital status | n = 4244 | n = 4128 | ||
| Living with a partner | 3542 | 83.5 (82.3 –84.5) | 3524 | 85.4 (84.3 –86.4) |
| Living without a partner | 702 | 16.5 (15.5 –17.7) | 604 | 14.6 (13.6 –15.7) |
| Employement during pregnancy | n = 4243 | n = 4128 | ||
| Yes | 1700 | 40.1 (38.6 –41.5) | 2270 | 55.0 (53.5 –56.5) |
| No | 2543 | 59.9 (58.5 –61.4) | 1858 | 45.0 (43.5 –46.5) |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI (Kg/m2) | n = 2887 | n = 4005 | ||
| < 18.5 | 213 | 7.4 (6.5 –8.4) | 155 | 3.9 (3.3 –4.5) |
| 18.5 –24.9 | 1836 | 63.6 (61.8 –65.3) | 1928 | 48.1 (46.6 –49.7) |
| 25.0 –29.9 | 581 | 20.1 (18.7 –21.6) | 1096 | 27.4 (26.0 –28.8) |
| > =30 | 257 | 8.9 (7.9 –10.0) | 826 | 20.6 (19.4 –21.9) |
| Parity | n = 4243 | n = 4127 | ||
| 1 (primiparae) | 1673 | 39.4 (38.0 –40.9) | 2047 | 49.6 (48.1 –51.1) |
| 2 | 1105 | 26.1 (24.7 –27.4) | 1274 | 30.9 (29.5 –32.3) |
| 3 or more | 1465 | 34.5 (33.1 –36.0) | 806 | 19.5 (18.3 –20.8) |
| Smoking during pregnancya | n = 4244 | n = 4126 | ||
| Yes | 1172 | 27.6 (26.3 –29.0) | 701 | 17.0 (15.9 –18.2) |
| No | 3072 | 72.4 (71.0 –73.7) | 3425 | 83.0 (81.8 –84.1) |
| Gestational diabetes mellitusb | n = 4241 | n = 4125 | ||
| Yes | 126 | 3.0 (2.5 –3.5) | 353 | 8.6 (7.7 –9.5) |
| No | 4115 | 97.0 (96.5 –97.5) | 3772 | 91.4 (90.5 –92.3) |
| Gestational hypertensionb | n = 4236 | n = 4126 | ||
| Yes | 1006 | 23.7 (22.5 –25.1) | 1055 | 25.6 (24.3 –26.9) |
| No | 3230 | 76.3 (74.9 –77.5) | 3071 | 74.4 (73.1 –75.7) |
| Physical activity counselling during prenatal care | n = 4155 | n = 4029 | ||
| Yes | 2999 | 72.2 (70.8 –73.5) | 2471 | 61.3 (59.8 –62.8) |
| No | 1156 | 27.8 (26.5 –29.2) | 1558 | 38.7 (37.2 –40.2) |
aSmoking during all trimester of pregnancy
bSelf-reported gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertension