Table 1.
Baseline patient characteristics and discharge disposition by eGFR level
| Variable | Overall (N=23223 6) |
GFR≥60 (N=109913) |
GFR 45–59 (N=61719) |
GFR 30–44 (N=39201) |
GFR 15–29 (N=13118) |
GFR<15 (N=1700) |
on Dialysis (N=6585) |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||||||
| Age Median (25th–75th P) |
81.0 (74.0–87.0) |
78 (71.0–85.0) |
83 (76.0–88.0) |
83.0 (77.0–88.0) |
83.0 (77.0–89.0) |
82.0 (75.0–87.0) |
76.0 (70.0–82.0) |
<0.0001 |
| Sex % | ||||||||
| Female | 58.6 | 52.8 | 62.4 | 66.0 | 69.3 | 69.2 | 53.6 | <.0001 |
| Race % | ||||||||
| Other | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 3.1 | <.0001 |
| Asian | 1.8 | 2.0 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 2.4 | |
| Hispanic | 4.3 | 4.4 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 8.6 | |
| Black | 10.7 | 12.2 | 8.1 | 8.0 | 9.8 | 14.1 | 27.6 | |
| White | 80.3 | 78.4 | 83.9 | 83.6 | 81.3 | 76.5 | 58.1 | |
|
Arrival and Admission Information |
||||||||
| Arrival Mode % | ||||||||
| Unknown | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.6 | <.0001 |
| Private transport/taxi/other from home/scene |
34.0 | 37.5 | 32.6 | 29.6 | 26.9 | 23.7 | 30.8 | |
| EMS from home/scene | 64.4 | 60.7 | 65.8 | 68.9 | 71.6 | 74.8 | 67.4 | |
| Arrival during Off Hours (Regular hours: 7 AM – 6 PM, M–F) |
42.7 | 42.0 | 43.0 | 44.0 | 43.3 | 41.2 | 41.0 | <.0001 |
| Patient location when stroke symptoms first discovered% |
||||||||
| Not determined | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.6 | <.0001 |
| Outpatient healthcare setting |
1.4 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 6.3 | |
| Inpatient in hospital | 2.7 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.9 | 4.3 | 6.7 | 5.4 | |
| Chronic health care facility |
11.0 | 8.9 | 11.9 | 13.2 | 16.5 | 18.2 | 12.2 | |
| Not in a healthcare setting |
84.2 | 86.8 | 83.8 | 81.8 | 77.2 | 73.0 | 75.2 | |
| Symptom location occurring in Chronic Health Care Facility (Among Patients Discharged to SNF) % |
25.1 | 23.4 | 25.8 | 26.3 | 28.4 | 28.2 | 27.5 | <0.0001 |
| Onset to arrival time Median (25th–75th P) |
178.0 (66.0– 545.0) |
194.0 (69.0–586.0) |
167.0 (64.0–510.0) |
158.0 (62.0– 484.0) |
168.0 (66.0– 520.0) |
234.0 (70.0–604.0) |
162.5 (61.0– 488.0) |
<.0001 |
| Medical History% | ||||||||
| Atrial fibrillation / Flutter |
24.8 | 21.7 | 27.8 | 28.2 | 27.9 | 22.1 | 22.8 | <.0001 |
| Prosthetic heart valve | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 1.8 | <.0001 |
| Previous stroke / TIA | 27.9 | 26.1 | 28.5 | 30.3 | 30.1 | 27.6 | 32.5 | <.0001 |
| CAD/ prior MI | 30.8 | 26.5 | 31.8 | 35.9 | 39.5 | 32.7 | 45.7 | <.0001 |
| Carotid stenosis | 4.3 | 3.6 | 4.4 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 5.2 | 6.2 | <.0001 |
| Diabetes (combined) | 30.3 | 27.2 | 27.8 | 33.9 | 39.8 | 38.6 | 60.1 | <.0001 |
| PVD | 5.6 | 4.4 | 5.4 | 6.6 | 8.7 | 6.3 | 13.0 | <.0001 |
| Hypertension | 79.9 | 76.0 | 81.4 | 84.9 | 85.7 | 83.1 | 87.7 | <.0001 |
| Smoker | 8.9 | 11.3 | 6.9 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.8 | 7.7 | <.0001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 44.4 | 42.8 | 45.3 | 46.7 | 46.1 | 41.7 | 48.0 | <.0001 |
| Heart failure | 11.2 | 7.5 | 11.4 | 15.6 | 20.7 | 17.1 | 24.3 | <.0001 |
| Medical History Panel missing |
0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.2972 |
|
Medications Prior to Admission % |
||||||||
| Antiplatelet or Anticoagulation medications |
58.7 | 55.6 | 60.5 | 62.8 | 62.7 | 54.4 | 63.8 | <.0001 |
| Antihypertensives | 77.4 | 71.2 | 79.7 | 85.4 | 88.2 | 81.9 | 87.0 | |
| Cholesterol reducer | 44.3 | 41.3 | 44.8 | 48.3 | 49.3 | 44.0 | 55.5 | |
| Diabetic medication | 24.2 | 21.8 | 22.3 | 27.6 | 32.3 | 29.4 | 45.6 | |
|
Labs/Vitals at Admission |
||||||||
| Glucose (mg/dL) Median (25th–75th P) |
118.0 (101.0– 149.0) |
116.0 (100.0–144.0) |
118.0 (101.0–147.0) |
122.0 (103.0– 156.0) |
127.0 (105.0– 165.0) |
127.0 (104.0– 163.0) |
126.0 (101.0– 172.0) |
<.0001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) Median (25th–75th P) |
1.0 (0.8–1.3) |
0.8 (0.7–1.0) |
1.1 (1.0–1.3) |
1.5 (1.3–1.6) |
2.2 (1.9–2.5) |
4.5 (3.6–6.7) |
3.7 (2.2–5.6) |
<.0001 |
| INR* Median (25th–75th P) |
1.0 (1.0–1.1) |
1.0 (1.0–1.1) |
1.0 (1.0–1.1) |
1.0 (1.0–1.1) |
1.1 (1.0–1.2) |
1.1 (1.0–1.2) |
1.1 (1.0–1.2) |
<.0001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) Median (25th–75th P) |
155.0 (137.0– 178.0) |
157.0 (140.0–179.0) |
156.0 (138.0–178.0) |
153.0 (134.0– 175.0) |
148.0 (127.0– 171.0) |
145.0 (121.0– 169.0) |
151.5 (129.5– 177.0) |
<.0001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) Median (25th–75th P) |
79.0 (68.0–91.0) |
81.0 (70.0–92.0) |
79.0 (68.0–91.0) |
77.0 (66.0–89.0) |
73.0 (62.0–86.0) |
72.0 (60.0–87.0) |
73.0 (62.0–86.0) |
<.0001 |
| Heart rate (bpm) Median (25th–75th P) |
77.0 (67.0–89.0) |
78.0 (68.0–89.0) |
77.0 (67.0–89.0) |
77.0 (67.0–90.0) |
77.0 (66.0–90.0) |
79.0 (68.0–94.0) |
78.0 (68.0–90.0) |
<.0001 |
| BMI (kg/m^2) Median (25th–75th P) |
25.9 (22.7–29.7) |
25.8 (22.7–29.7) |
25.8 (22.6–29.5) |
26.0 (22.8–30.0) |
26.1 (22.7–30.2) |
25.6 (22.1–29.8) |
26.2 (22.8–30.5) |
<.0001 |
| NIHSS score Median (25th–75th P) |
5.0 (2.0–12.0) |
4.0 (2.0–10.0) |
5.0 (2.0–12.0) |
5.0 (2.0–13.0) |
6.0 (2.0–15.0) |
8.0 (3.0–17.0) |
5.0 (2.0–12.0) |
<.0001 |
| Received IV tPA (Regardless of Contraindications or Warnings) % |
7.7 | 7.6 | 8.3 | 7.6 | 7.0 | 5.6 | 6.4 | <.0001 |
| Received IV tPA (Excluding Contraindications and Warnings for Both 0–3 Hours and 3–4.5 Hours ) % |
10.0 | 9.7 | 10.8 | 10.0 | 9.1 | 6.9 | 8.3 | <.0001 |
| IV rt-PA Arrive by 2 Hour, Treat by 3 Hour % |
78.1 | 78.8 | 78.9 | 76.9 | 74.6 | 79.7 | 71.3 | 0.0002 |
| IV rt-PA Arrive by 3.5 Hour, Treat by 4.5 Hour % |
53.1 | 53.3 | 54.3 | 51.6 | 53.0 | 50.9 | 46.3 | 0.0001 |
| Door to IV tPA within 60 minutes % |
32.8 | 34.3 | 32.0 | 31.1 | 32.6 | 25.0 | 24.3 | <0.0001 |
| Discharge Disposition | ||||||||
| % Home | 38.6 | 42.8 | 37.3 | 33.6 | 27.5 | 23.5 | 36.5 | <.0001 |
| Hospice - Home | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 2.5 | 3.3 | 1.7 | |
| Hospice - Health Care Facility |
4.5 | 3.4 | 4.9 | 5.9 | 7.3 | 9.9 | 3.6 | |
| Skilled Nursing Facility | 24.0 | 21.4 | 25.4 | 27.0 | 29.7 | 29.1 | 25.0 | |
| Inpatient rehab facility | 23.1 | 24.5 | 22.7 | 21.8 | 19.5 | 15.7 | 21.3 | |
| Long-term care facility | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 1.7 | 3.3 | |
| Intermediate Care facility |
0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Other/Other Unspecified |
0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.3 | |
| Expired | 5.5 | 4.2 | 5.5 | 6.9 | 10.4 | 15.9 | 7.8 | |
*
P: percentile
Percentages are based on non-missing data