Table 2.
Multivariable adjusted associations between marijuana usec and hospitalization outcomes among ALL patients, Nationwide Inpatient Sample 2007–2011a
| Heart failureOR (95% CI)N = 993580 | CardiacOR (95% CI)N = 789362 | StrokeOR (95% CI)N = 105957 | DeathbOR (95% CI)N = 770687 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marijuana use | ||||
| Yes | 0.78 (0.75, 0.82) | 0.86 (0.82, 0.91) | 1.60 (1.44, 1.77) | 0.41 (0.38, 0.44) |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Age, years | ||||
| <40 | 0.05 (0.05, 0.05) | 0.06 (0.06, 0.06) | 0.03 (0.02, 0.03) | 0.68 (0.66, 0.71) |
| 40 to <50 | 0.29 (0.29, 0.30) | 0.31 (0.30, 0.31) | 0.23 (0.23, 0.25) | 0.21 (0.21, 0.22) |
| 50 to <60 | 0.46 (0.45, 0.46) | 0.50 (0.49, 0.50) | 0.42 (0.41, 0.43) | 0.36 (0.35, 0.36) |
| 60 to <70 | 0.61 (0.61, 0.62) | 0.74 (0.74, 0.75) | 0.65 (0.63, 0.66) | 0.52 (0.51, 0.52) |
| ≥70 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 0.85 (0.84, 0.85) | 0.82 (0.82, 0.83) | 0.84 (0.83, 0.85) | 0.82 (0.82, 0.83) |
| Male | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Race | ||||
| Black | 1.65 (1.63, 1.66) | 0.75 (0.75, 0.76) | 1.05 (1.02, 1.07) | 1.06 (1.05, 1.07) |
| Hispanic | 1.14 (1.13, 1.15) | 0.73 (0.73, 0.74) | 0.83 (0.80, 0.85) | 0.98 (0.97, 0.99) |
| Other | 1.02 (1.01, 1.03) | 0.83 (0.82, 0.85) | 1.07 (1.04,1.11) | 1.20 (1.19, 1.22) |
| White | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Residential income | ||||
| First quartile‐lowest | 1.16 (1.15, 1.17) | 0.93 (0.93, 0.94) | 0.87 (0.85, 0.89) | 1.02 (1.01, 1.03) |
| Second quartile | 1.12 (1.11, 1.13) | 0.97 (0.96, 0.94) | 0.90 (0.89, 0.92) | 0.98 (0.97, 0.99) |
| Third quartile | 1.06 (1.06, 1.07) | 0.99 (0.98, 0.99) | 0.96 (0.94, 0.97) | 0.97 (0.96, 0.98) |
| Fourth quartile‐ highest | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Insurance type | ||||
| Medicaid | 1.62 (1.60, 1.63) | 0.69 (0.68, 0.70) | 1.04 (1.01, 1.08) | 1.30 (1.28, 1.32) |
| Medicare | 1.41 (1.39, 1.42) | 0.88 (0.87, 0.89) | 0.88 (0.86, 0.90) | 0.95 (0.94, 0.95) |
| Other | 1.42 (1.41, 1.44) | 0.81 (0.80, 0.83) | 1.27 (1.23, 1.32) | 1.51 (1.49, 1.53) |
| Private | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Residential region | ||||
| Small metro | 0.99 (0.99, 1.00) | 1.04 (1.03, 1.04) | 1.04 (1.02, 1.06) | 1.00 (0.99, 1.01) |
| Micropolitan | 1.00 (0.99, 1.01) | 1.07 (1.06, 1.08) | 0.95 (0.93, 0.98) | 1.03 (1.02, 1.04) |
| Large metro | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Pain | ||||
| Yes | — | — | — | 1.73 (1.64, 1.83) |
| No | Ref | |||
| Comorbidities | ||||
| 0 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| 1 | 2.45 (2.43, 2.46) | 0.92 (0.91, 0.92) | 1.15 (1.14, 1.17) | 1.47 (1.46, 1.48) |
| ≥2 | 4.31 (4.29, 4.34) | 0.84 (0.83, 0.84) | 1.14 (1.12, 1.17) | 1.86 (1.85, 1.88) |
a
Models adjusted for age, gender, race, residential income, insurance, region, pain, and number of comorbidities.
b
Deaths refer to mortality occurring during admission.
c
Current marijuana use defined based on ICD‐9 codes based on dependence use of cannabis.