Table 4.

Serious adverse events by treatment received

		Stapled haemorrhoid-opexy (n=338)	Traditional excisional surgery (n=352)
Participants who had a serious adverse event		24 (7%)	33 (9%)
Total number of serious adverse events		25	34
	Infection	0	1 (<1%)
	Urinary retention	4 (1%)	7 (2%)
	Pain and bleeding	1 (<1%)	1 (<1%)
	Pain and stenosis	1 (<1%)	0
	Pain*	6 (2%)	10 (3%)
	Stenosis	1 (<1%)	0
	Constipation and urinary retention	0	2 (1%)
	Bleeding	6 (2%)	1 (<1%)
	Pain caused by fissure	1 (<1%)	2 (1%)
	Pain and constipation	0	1 (<1%)
	Constipation	0	3 (1%)
	Anaesthesia	0	2 (1%)
	Constipation and bleeding	0	2 (1%)
	Pain, constipation, and bleeding	0	1 (<1%)
	Difficulty passing urine	2 (1%)	0
	Haemorrhoids symptoms	1 (<1%)	0
	Fissure	1 (<1%)	0

Data are n (%).

^*One participant in each group experienced two serious adverse events of pain.