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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Feb 2.
Published in final edited form as: J Ethnopharmacol. 2016 Jul 26;197:92–100. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.07.073

Figure 5.

Figure 5

TNF-α release from LPS activated N9 microglial cells following a 24 h incubation with bacopa plus the extracts. Both the infusion (A) and the alkaloid (C) fraction showed significant inhibition of the release of TNF-α from LPS activated microglia of approximately 20%-27% compared to LPS alone. The tea extract (B) did not inhibit the release of TNF-α. The Bacoside A (D) showed a small but significant increase in TNF-α release at the highest concentration. Data is normalized to TNF-α release from LPS activation only. Graphs represent mean ± SEM. *p<0.05; ANOVA with Dunnett's post hoc test compared to LPS control.