. 2016 Aug;25(3):381–392. doi: 10.1044/2016_AJSLP-15-0023

Table 4.

Partial correlations between the MacArthur–Bates Communicative Development Inventories (CDI) and long-term performance outcomes, controlling for nonverbal IQ.

Long-term performance outcomes	N	MacArthur–Bates CDI Words and Sentences:
Long-term performance outcomes	N	Words Produced
Language	32	.69^***
Verbal working memory	32	.53^**
Visual–spatial working memory	32	.01
Fluency speed	32	.58^**
Inhibition concentration	29	.10

Note. Nonverbal IQ scores were obtained from the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI) Matrix Reasoning subtest. Language = Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test–4 and Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals–4, core language; verbal working memory = Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Third Edition (WISC-III) subtests: Digit Span Forward and Digit Span Backward. Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Fourth Edition, Integrated (WISC-IV-I) subtest: Visual Digit Span; visual-spatial working memory = WISC-IV-I subtests: Spatial Span Forward and Spatial Span Backward. Fluency speed = WISC-IV-I subsets: Coding and Coding Copy. Woodcock Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities–Third Edition (WJ-III) subtest: Pair Cancellation; Inhibition concentration = omissions, commissions, and reaction time variability of the Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA).

^**

p < .01.

^***

p < .001.