Table 5.
Comparisons among Lipogramma levinsoni sp. n., Lipogramma haberi sp. n., and Lipogramma evides.
| Lipogramma levinsoni | Lipogramma haberi | Lipogramma evides | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard length (mm) | 9.4–28.3 | 23.0–40.1 | 13.7–45.5 |
| Gill rakers on 1st arch | Usually 19 | 15–16 | Usually 20–21 |
| Pectoral-fin rays | Usually 17 | Usually 16 | Usually 16 |
| Supraorbital pores/pore present between pore at mid orbit and one at posterodorsal corner of orbit (Fig. 4) | 3/Absent | 4/Present | 4/Present |
| Ground color | White, grey on nape & snout | Yellow above, white below | White |
| Dark bar on head | Black; relatively wide, widens to encompasses entire eye No rearward extension along lower edge of opercle |
Brown, edged with yellow; relatively narrow, widens to encompass pupil Narrow rearward extension along lower edge of opercle |
Black; relatively narrow, widens to encompass pupil Narrow rearward extension along lower edge of opercle |
| Width of dark bar on head (measured immediately ventral to eye) in % HL) | 21.5–34.8 (x = 26.4) | 14.9–20.4 (x = 17.6) | 8.7–19.4 (x = 14.7) |
| Anterior trunk bar | Black, wide, vertical, center often narrower & paler Covers pectoral base Extension onto dorsal fin large, intense |
Brown, edged with yellow; narrow, slightly oblique, uniform width, paler on belly Behind pectoral base No extension onto dorsal fin |
Black; narrow, slightly oblique, uniform width, paler on belly Behind pectoral base Extension onto dorsal fin small, weak |
| Posterior trunk bar | Same form and color as anterior bar Extension onto dorsal fin = oval partial ocellus Extension onto anal fin = elongate, partial ocellus |
Yellow-brown; broad dorsally, thinning ventrally, triangular in shape Extension onto dorsal fin = round, well defined ocellus No extension onto anal fin |
Same form and color as anterior bar but usually paler than anterior bar Extension onto dorsal fin = round, well defined ocellus Extension onto anal fin absent or a small, weak smudge |
| Dorsal-fin pigment | Submarginal stripe orange Remainder of fin without pale spots |
Submarginal stripe yellow Remainder of fin with 2–3 rows of yellow spots |
Submarginal stripe yellow Remainder of fin with 1–2 rows of yellow spots |
| Anal-fin pigment | Submarginal stripe orange No pale spots on remainder of fin |
No pale submarginal stripe Remainder of fin with 1–6 rows of yellow spots |
Submarginal stripe yellow Remainder of fin with 1–3 rows of yellow spots near base |
| Caudal-fin shape | Truncate, lobe tips rounded | Truncate, lobe tips rounded | Slightly emarginate, lobe tips pointed |
| Depth range (m) | 108–154 | 152–233 | 133–302 |
| Geographical distribution | Bahamas, Bonaire, Curaçao, Dominica, and Jamaica | Klein Curaçao | Barbuda, Belize(?),Colombia, Curaçao, Klein Curaçao, Mexico (Caribbean), and Nicaragua |