Table 3.

Validity assessment of VVF screening questions by incontinence control/true control status among eligible, screened women in the case control population (n=408)

Responded “Yes" to VVF screening questions, n (%)	Incontinence Controls (n=203)	True controls (n=203)	Fistula cases (n=2)	Total (n=408)	p- value
VVF [2]: Currently does your clothing get wet with your urine during sleep?	36 (17.7)	12 (5.9)	2 (100)	50 (12.3)	<0.001
VVF [3]: When you are not urinating, do you currently experience continuously dripping urine through the birth canal that you cannot stop?	28 (13.8)	7 (3.5)	2 (100)	37 (9.1)	<0.001
VVF [2] or VVF [3]: VVF Case definition	41 (20.2)	12 (5.9)	2 (100)	55 (13.5)	<0.001
Asked among women who answered “Yes” to VVF [3]	n=41	n=12	n=2	n=55
VVF [3a]: Do you currently experience continuously dripping urine through the birth canal that you cannot stop all day and all night?	17 (60.7)	6 (85.7)	2 (100)	25 (67.6)	0.35
VVF [1&4]: In which month and year did your last delivery occur? In which month and year did you begin experiencing continuously dripping urine that you cannot stop? a	20 (71.4)	4 (57.1)	2 (100)	26 (70.3)	0.68
VVF [5] Observation: Do you think you smell the subject’s own urine around her?	5 (2.5)	2 (1.0)	1 (50.0)	8 (2.0)	0.02
VVF [6] Observation: Do you think the subject’s clothing is wet with her own urine?	11 (5.4)	4 (2.0)	2 (100)	17 (4.2)	<0.001
VVF [7] Observation: Do you think you see wetness around the subject from her own urine?	4 (2.0)	4 (2.0)	2 (100)	10 (2.5)	<0.001

^aDelivery dates and dates of VVF symptom initiation were compared, and women whose reported VVF symptoms occurred after delivery were counted as a positive response.