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. 2017 Jan 30;8:15. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00015

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Copyright © 2017 N’Diaye, Gannesen, Borrel, Maillot, Enault, Racine, Plakunov, Chevalier, Lesouhaitier and Feuilloley.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Potential mechanism of action of substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on Staphylococcus epidermidis. EfTu and DnaK, bacterial SP and CGRP sensor proteins, respectively, are exported in the periplasmic area through the large mechanosensitive channel MscL. In the periplasm or in the bacterial microenvironment, EfTu and DnaK are, respectively, binding to SP and CGRP. Following a mechanism potentially close to that of bacterial quorum-sensing factors, but that remains to be identified, EfTu-SP and DnaK-CGRP should trigger the bacterial response including increased adhesion to the target cell, biofilm formation, and expression of virulence factors.