Table 3.
Change in outcomes in apparently healthy sedentary subjects participating in a Yoga and Meditation based lifestyle intervention (n = 94).
| Characteristics | Baseline | 12 wks | Change from baseline to 12 wks (diff. 95% C.I.) |
Effect size∗ | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary endpoints: cardinal biomarkers of cellular aging | |||||
| Oxidative stress | |||||
| ROS (RLU/min/104 neutrophils) | 1215.069 ± 88 | 1020.81 ± 79 | 194.3 (164, 224.5) | 0.7 | <0.0001 |
| TAC (mmol Trolox equiv/L) | 5.94 ± 1.52 | 7.4 ± 2.1 | −1.16 (−1.9, −0.41) | 0.4 | <0.001 |
| DNA damage | |||||
| 8OH2dG (pg/mL) | 1026.23 ± 630 | 790.98 ± 400 | 235.3 (72.73, 397.8) | 0.22 | <0.01 |
| Telomere attrition | |||||
| Telomerase activity (IU/cell) | 1.89 ± 1.42 | 2.94 ± 2.2 | −1.05 (−1.68, −0.41) | 0.3 | <0.001 |
| Telomere length (IU/cell) | 2.36 ± 1.6 | 2.44 ± 1.4 | −0.08 (−0.61, 0.45) | 0.02 | 0.069 |
| Secondary endpoints: biomarkers associated with cellular aging | |||||
| Cortisol (ng/mL) | 118.83 ± 50.50 | 96.32 ± 38.6 | 22.51 (7.6, 37.42) | 0.3 | <0.01 |
| Interleukin (IL6) (pg/mL) | 3.16 ± 2.42 | 1.94 ± 2.3 | 1.22 (0.47, 1.97) | 0.3 | <0.001 |
| β-Endorphins (ng/mL) | 6.2 ± 3.5 | 8.2 ± 4.2 | −2 (−3.22, −0.77) | 0.3 | <0.001 |
| BDNF (ng/mL) | 19.7 ± 6.75 | 37.1 ± 5.6 | −17.4 (−19.48, −15.32) | 0.7 | <0.0001 |
| Sirtuin (ng/mL) | 26.69 ± 10.42 | 40.64 ± 11.6 | −13.95 (−23.41, −4.49) | 0.5 | <0.01 |
| BMI (kg/m 2) | 26.30 ± 3.40 | 23.64 ± 3.55 | 2.66 (0.56, 3.12) | 0.4 | <0.01 |
∗Effect size was calculated by dividing change by standard deviation at baseline of the specific outcome and interpreted using Cohen's d (small effect: 0.2 to 0.3, medium effect: 0.5, and large effect: 0.8).