Table 2.
Cox regression analyses of the association between psychological distress, traditional risk factors and T2DM
| HR | 95% CI | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | <0.001 | ||
| <40 | Reference | ||
| 40–50 | 1.92 | 1.35 to 2.75 | <0.001 |
| ≥50 | 2.36 | 1.56 to 3.57 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.132 | ||
| <25 | Reference | ||
| 25–30 | 1.35 | 0.94 to 1.93 | 0.102 |
| ≥30 | 1.60 | 0.98 to 2.63 | 0.061 |
| Marital status | 1.34 | 0.77 to 2.32 | 0.294 |
| Education level | 1.40 | 0.71 to 2.75 | 0.337 |
| Exercise activity | 0.184 | ||
| Often (more than three times per week) | Reference | ||
| Occasion | 1.43 | 0.96 to 2.13 | 0.079 |
| Never | 1.17 | 0.66 to 2.08 | 0.585 |
| Smoking | 0.653 | ||
| Non-smokers | Reference | ||
| Current smokers | 1.02 | 0.73 to 1.43 | 0.889 |
| Ex-smokers | 0.80 | 0.46 to 1.40 | 0.438 |
| Alcohol intake | 0.464 | ||
| Never or almost never | Reference | ||
| Current using alcohol | 1 | 0.56 to 1.77 | 0.988 |
| Former using alcohol | 1.57 | 0.64 to 3.84 | 0.324 |
| Hypertension | 1.60 | 1.17 to 2.20 | 0.003 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 1.41 | 1.04 to 1.92 | 0.027 |
| Family history of diabetes | 1.04 | 0.74 to 1.45 | 0.84 |
| Working hours | 1.08 | 0.80 to 1.47 | 0.618 |
| Police assignments | <0.001 | ||
| House registration | Reference | ||
| Public security | 0.96 | 0.50 to 1.85 | 0.894 |
| Administrative services | 0.84 | 0.39 to 1.85 | 0.672 |
| Traffic control | 3.35 | 1.89 to 5.93 | <0.001 |
| Criminal investigation | 0.88 | 0.40 to 1.95 | 0.757 |
| Other | 1.45 | 0.65 to 3.21 | 0.362 |
| Psychological distress | 1.46 | 1.05 to 2.02 | 0.024 |
BMI, body mass index; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.