TABLE 2.
Baseline characteristics of tuberculosis cases in molecular clusters of different sizes in London (2010–2014)
| All cases | Not clustered | Cases in cluster n | |||
| 2 | 3–20 | >20 | |||
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 2911 | 1320 (45.3) | 430 (14.8) | 874 (30.0) | 287 (9.9) |
| Male | 4546 | 2008 (44.2) | 614 (13.5) | 1416 (31.1) | 508 (11.2) |
| Age group years | |||||
| 0–14 | 158 | 43 (27.2) | 24 (15.2) | 60 (38.0) | 31 (19.6) |
| 15–44 | 5284 | 2346 (44.4) | 731 (13.8) | 1628 (30.8) | 579 (11.0) |
| 45–64 | 1369 | 585 (42.7) | 207 (15.1) | 433 (31.6) | 144 (10.5) |
| ≥65 | 647 | 355 (54.9) | 82 (12.7) | 169 (26.1) | 41 (6.3) |
| Ethnic group | |||||
| White | 829 | 308 (37.2) | 119 (14.4) | 277 (33.4) | 125 (15.1) |
| Black-Caribbean | 258 | 49 (19.0) | 38 (14.7) | 113 (43.8) | 58 (22.5) |
| Black-African | 1722 | 609 (35.4) | 242 (14.1) | 614 (35.7) | 257 (14.9) |
| Black-Other | 97 | 28 (28.9) | 15 (15.5) | 37 (38.1) | 17 (17.5) |
| Indian | 2185 | 1126 (51.5) | 303 (13.9) | 615 (28.1) | 141 (6.5) |
| Pakistani | 673 | 313 (46.5) | 96 (14.3) | 181 (26.9) | 83 (12.3) |
| Bangladeshi | 365 | 246 (67.4) | 38 (10.4) | 69 (18.9) | 12 (3.3) |
| Chinese | 86 | 49 (57.0) | 11 (12.8) | 21 (24.4) | 5 (5.8) |
| Mixed/other | 1177 | 561 (47.7) | 176 (15.0) | 347 (29.5) | 93 (7.9) |
| Place of birth | |||||
| Non-UK | 6223 | 2990 (48.0) | 876 (14.1) | 1801 (28.9) | 556 (8.9) |
| UK | 1150 | 301 (26.2) | 156 (13.6) | 463 (40.3) | 230 (20.0) |
| Time since entry to UK years | |||||
| 0–1 | 1095 | 540 (49.3) | 159 (14.5) | 298 (27.2) | 98 (9.0) |
| 2–4 | 1391 | 740 (53.2) | 202 (14.5) | 347 (24.9) | 102 (7.3) |
| 5–9 | 1156 | 538 (46.5) | 162 (14.0) | 339 (29.3) | 117 (10.1) |
| ≥10 | 1803 | 785 (43.5) | 261 (14.5) | 583 (32.3) | 174 (9.7) |
| Occupation | |||||
| Other | 2465 | 1146 (46.5) | 342 (13.9) | 759 (30.8) | 218 (8.8) |
| None | 2615 | 1129 (43.2) | 367 (14.0) | 788 (30.1) | 331 (12.7) |
| Education | 1074 | 452 (42.1) | 148 (13.8) | 342 (31.8) | 132 (12.3) |
| Healthcare | 275 | 137 (49.8) | 44 (16.0) | 81 (29.5) | 13 (4.7) |
| Pulmonary disease | |||||
| No | 3006 | 1553 (51.7) | 389 (12.9) | 815 (27.1) | 249 (8.3) |
| Yes | 4452 | 1776 (39.9) | 655 (14.7) | 1475 (33.1) | 546 (12.3) |
| Sputum smear | |||||
| Negative | 2371 | 1066 (45.0) | 338 (14.3) | 734 (31.0) | 233 (9.8) |
| Positive | 2062 | 745 (36.1) | 314 (15.2) | 718 (34.8) | 285 (13.8) |
| Previous diagnosis | |||||
| No | 6821 | 3088 (45.3) | 941 (13.8) | 2078 (30.5) | 714 (10.5) |
| Yes | 354 | 124 (35.0) | 57 (16.1) | 125 (35.3) | 48 (13.6) |
| Previous treatment | |||||
| No | 13 | 6 (46.2) | 1 (7.7) | 6 (46.2) | |
| Yes | 261 | 82 (31.4) | 41 (15.7) | 98 (37.5) | 40 (15.3) |
| Drug resistance# | |||||
| No | 6738 | 3033 (45.0) | 921 (13.7) | 2114 (31.4) | 670 (9.9) |
| Yes | 667 | 276 (41.4) | 111 (16.6) | 161 (24.1) | 119 (17.8) |
| Inpatient | |||||
| No | 4649 | 2100 (45.2) | 636 (13.7) | 1441 (31.0) | 472 (10.2) |
| Yes | 2731 | 1190 (43.6) | 397 (14.5) | 831 (30.4) | 313 (11.5) |
| Homeless | |||||
| No | 6917 | 3116 (45.0) | 969 (14.0) | 2135 (30.9) | 697 (10.1) |
| Yes | 294 | 96 (32.7) | 44 (15.0) | 85 (28.9) | 69 (23.5) |
| Drug use | |||||
| No | 6822 | 3110 (45.6) | 967 (14.2) | 2079 (30.5) | 666 (9.8) |
| Yes | 307 | 75 (24.4) | 30 (9.8) | 111 (36.2) | 91 (29.6) |
| Alcohol use | |||||
| No | 6460 | 2911 (45.1) | 908 (14.1) | 1979 (30.6) | 662 (10.2) |
| Yes | 328 | 106 (32.3) | 42 (12.8) | 124 (37.8) | 56 (17.1) |
| Prison | |||||
| No | 6938 | 3140 (45.3) | 984 (14.2) | 2129 (30.7) | 685 (9.9) |
| Yes | 225 | 53 (23.6) | 22 (9.8) | 78 (34.7) | 72 (32.0) |
| Risk factor count¶ | |||||
| 0 | 6688 | 3081 (46.1) | 950 (14.2) | 2020 (30.2) | 637 (9.5) |
| 1 | 508 | 187 (36.8) | 64 (12.6) | 180 (35.4) | 77 (15.2) |
| 2 | 159 | 41 (25.8) | 19 (12.0) | 58 (36.5) | 41 (25.8) |
| 3 | 84 | 19 (22.6) | 8 (9.5) | 26 (31.0) | 31 (36.9) |
| 4 | 19 | 1 (5.3) | 3 (15.8) | 6 (31.6) | 9 (47.4) |
| Mean IMD quintile+ | 2.45 | 2.40 | 2.41 | 2.15 | |
Data are presented as n or n (% row). IMD: index of multiple deprivation. #: resistance to any first-line antibiotic; ¶: cumulative number of social risk factors (history of homelessness, illicit drug use, alcohol misuse, imprisonment) reported by each case; +: IMD quintile of Lower Layer Super Output Area within London (lowest is most deprived).