Figure 5. The composition of carbohydrates and metabolites in the conditioned medium (CM).

CM was collected and prepared from single-species bacterial (B-CM), fungal (F-CM) or bacterial-fungal (BF-CM) biofilms as described in Materials and Methods. (A) HPAEC chromatograms of carbohydrate profile and ¹H-NMR analysis for metabolites (organic acids shown). (B) The concentrations of glucose, fructose and sucrose as the main carbohydrates in undiluted CM. (C) The concentrations of formate, fumarate and lactate as the main metabolites in undiluted CM. Data represent mean ± SD (n = 3). The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) in the Tukey’s HSD test for a multiple comparison. The letters (a and b) denote significate differences (P < 0.01).