Table 3.
The quantified free amino acids in urine samples of two studied groups using the LC-ESI-MS/MS method. P values for the comparison of the variables between two groups were calculated according to Mann-Whitney U test, Student's t-test or Welch's F test. AUC values were obtained in univariate ROC curve analyses.
| Amino acid | Concentration in urine samples [10 µM amino acid / M creatinine] | p value | AUC | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The prostate cancer group (n = 49) | The control group (n = 40) | |||||||
| Average | Median | Range | Average | Median | Range | |||
| 1-methylhistidine | 2516.9 | 1138.7 | 124.6 - 16491.3 | 4777.7 | 2731.4 | 138.0 - 24075.1 | 0.010 | 0.660 |
| 3-methylhistidine | 1558.8 | 1525.9 | 364.0 - 3190.0 | 2147.8 | 1841.4 | 764.3 - 6658.4 | 0.004 | 0.679 |
| alanine | 2270.2 | 1573.1 | 266.5 - 7452.4 | 2501.1 | 1997.5 | 477.5 - 7384.6 | 0.523 | 0.540 |
| arginine | 161.5 | 100.4 | 21.6 - 952.3 | 278.2 | 238.9 | 69.6 - 878.5 | < 0.001 | 0.831 |
| argininosuccinic acid | 111.5 | 85.1 | 16.7 - 451.0 | 108.2 | 87.6 | 38.3 - 288.6 | 0.695 | 0.524 |
| asparagine | 637.7 | 604.3 | 123.4 - 1620.4 | 1018.5 | 900.7 | 392.8 - 2804.3 | < 0.001 | 0.773 |
| aspartic acid | 22.0 | 19.0 | 2.3 - 69.2 | 17.3 | 10.6 | 4.1 - 76.3 | 0.165 | 0.587 |
| carnosine | 118.5 | 65.3 | 3.8 - 1101.0 | 125.8 | 86.9 | 18.6 - 560.4 | 0.316 | 0.562 |
| citrulline | 42.3 | 29.2 | 5.7 - 167.3 | 62.0 | 47.0 | 11.3 - 422.3 | 0.008 | 0.664 |
| cystathionine | 97.6 | 96.3 | 4.9 - 269.4 | 279.9 | 162.2 | 37.3 - 1923.2 | < 0.001 | 0.764 |
| cystine | 400.7 | 349.2 | 38.3 - 1816.3 | 584.8 | 445.1 | 189.0 - 2385.6 | 0.003 | 0.685 |
| ethanolamine | 2440.2 | 2597.8 | 847.0 - 4838.3 | 4103.6 | 3800.6 | 2021.2 - 7776.4 | < 0.001 | 0.858 |
| glutamic acid | 89.0 | 83.1 | 12.5 - 239.8 | 145.3 | 114.1 | 38.3 - 623.5 | 0.002 | 0.692 |
| glutamine | 2781.4 | 2677.3 | 97.0 - 6676.7 | 4238.6 | 3889.5 | 1505.0 - 10003.7 | < 0.001 | 0.736 |
| glycine | 8527.7 | 7533.5 | 1050.8 - 19514.0 | 10731.4 | 8648.7 | 2952.8 - 44161.0 | 0.148 | 0.590 |
| histidine | 3829.7 | 3060.1 | 119.2 - 9470.3 | 5773.9 | 5603.4 | 2142.9 - 12610.5 | 0.001 | 0.712 |
| homocitrulline | 120.4 | 122.9 | 19.0 - 338.8 | 275.7 | 196.5 | 67.7 - 1136.1 | < 0.001 | 0.839 |
| hydroxyproline | 31.2 | 13.5 | 1.9 - 167.4 | 43.8 | 17.1 | 3.1 - 387.0 | 0.243 | 0.572 |
| isoleucine | 93.9 | 81.0 | 13.9 - 267.2 | 124.8 | 101.1 | 49.0 - 367.8 | 0.008 | 0.664 |
| leucine | 218.1 | 188.0 | 31.9 - 708.1 | 283.5 | 237.7 | 120.6 - 681.7 | 0.005 | 0.673 |
| lysine | 905.5 | 423.1 | 51.3 - 7879.6 | 1684.3 | 1047.9 | 262.8 - 10773.2 | < 0.001 | 0.738 |
| methionine | 63.6 | 58.1 | 2.8 - 184.6 | 96.7 | 86.4 | 37.1 - 212.6 | < 0.001 | 0.764 |
| ornithine | 124.2 | 104.9 | 12.5 - 427.9 | 186.9 | 146.4 | 49.1 - 689.9 | 0.002 | 0.689 |
| phenylalanine | 338.2 | 280.8 | 43.0 - 997.0 | 476.7 | 364.0 | 215.3 - 1089.0 | 0.001 | 0.708 |
| phosphoethanolamine | 113.5 | 97.9 | 7.2 - 299.7 | 308.3 | 263.6 | 41.2 - 1313.6 | < 0.001 | 0.879 |
| proline | 91.1 | 79.3 | 11.8 - 288.7 | 83.4 | 60.8 | 21.9 - 287.4 | 0.188 | 0.581 |
| sarcosine | 12.7 | 7.3 | 0.8 - 101.5 | 19.2 | 11.5 | 2.5 - 80.6 | 0.056 | 0.619 |
| serine | 2843.2 | 2513.9 | 512.9 - 5925.1 | 3527.1 | 3108.8 | 1180.9 - 7353.6 | 0.018 | 0.646 |
| taurine | 6605.8 | 5836.1 | 560.5 - 16462.5 | 6227.6 | 3790.1 | 931.5 - 40322.8 | 0.032 | 0.633 |
| threonine | 957.9 | 691.1 | 47.1 - 3227.7 | 1016.9 | 920.3 | 377.0 - 2323.3 | 0.145 | 0.590 |
| tryptophan | 466.9 | 414.5 | 37.4 - 1159.9 | 665.2 | 547.3 | 272.7 - 1631.4 | 0.002 | 0.689 |
| tyrosine | 537.6 | 438.8 | 34.7 - 1372.7 | 820.2 | 642.5 | 350.1 - 2369.7 | < 0.001 | 0.723 |
| valine | 342.2 | 301.9 | 44.4 - 1033.9 | 366.8 | 324.5 | 164.8 - 970.4 | 0.274 | 0.568 |
| α-aminoadipic acid | 212.6 | 151.7 | 4.2 - 584.3 | 312.3 | 253.8 | 111.8 - 1034.0 | 0.001 | 0.704 |
| α-amino-n-butyric acid | 110.1 | 105.9 | 2.8 - 237.2 | 114.3 | 106.6 | 23.2 - 253.4 | 0.689 | 0.525 |
| β-alanine | 288.5 | 162.0 | 13.7 - 3113.6 | 237.1 | 173.1 | 26.1 - 1385.6 | 0.898 | 0.508 |
| β-aminoisobutyric acid | 1639.6 | 866.2 | 209.9 - 9144.3 | 1716.0 | 871.6 | 115.0 - 9943.9 | 0.795 | 0.516 |
| γ-amino-n-butyric acid | 12.6 | 12.2 | 3.8 - 33.1 | 30.3 | 29.4 | 1.3 - 62.4 | < 0.001 | 0.932 |
| δ-hydroxylysine | 28.4 | 21.1 | 5.7 - 161.7 | 102.2 | 47.7 | 13.1 - 898.7 | < 0.001 | 0.796 |