TABLE 3.

Steady-state pharmacokinetic parameter estimates for antituberculosis drugs by HIV coinfection status

Drug and parameter	Value for group			P value
	All (n = 113)	TB (n = 54)	TB/HIV (n = 59)
Isoniazid
Cmax, μg/ml	5.75 (4.27–7.47)	5.85 (4.27–7.47)	5.32 (4.03–7.61)	0.794
Tmax, h	1.05 (1.00–1.22)	1.07 (1.00–1.45)	1.02 (1.00–1.15)	0.015
AUC0–8, μg · h/ml	19.73 (13.24–26.43)	21.15 (16.48–25.92)	18.37 (12.20–26.90)	0.231
Normalized Vz/F, liters/kg	1.51 (1.20–1.90)	1.55 (1.27–1.84)	1.47 (1.15–2.00)	0.957
Normalized CL/F, liters/h/kg	0.47 (0.33–0.71)	0.44 (0.32–0.70)	0.50 (0.33–0.78)	0.405
Rifampin
Cmax, μg/ml	6.39 (4.92–8.77)	7.65 (5.20–9.10)	5.83 (3.71–8.26)	0.025
Tmax, h	2.00 (1.07–2.17)	2.01 (1.13–2.28)	1.83 (1.02–2.08)	0.090
AUC0–8, μg · h/ml	27.25 (20.62–36.32)	30.49 (21.93–38.44)	24.88 (15.95–35.27)	0.030
Normalized Vz/F, liters/kg	1.46 (1.11–2.10)	1.37 (1.08–2.05)	1.63 (1.21–2.22)	0.142
Normalized CL/F, liters/h/kg	0.50 (0.37–0.74)	0. 45 (0.35–0.66)	0.53 (0.41–0.86)	0.044
Pyrazinamide (n = 110)
Cmax, μg/ml	26.05 (21.70–35.10)	26.90 (23.15–34.60)	24.60 (20.60–36.50)	0.259
Tmax, h	1.16 (1.00–2.07)	1.93 (1.05–2.10)	1.04 (1.00–1.77)	0.006
AUC0–8, μg · h/ml	140.50 (114.18–186.19)	151.04 (124.64–188.81)	126.53 (105.41–182.34)	0.034
Normalized Vz/F, liters/kg	0.87 (0.74–1.08)	0.88 (0.75–1.08)	0.85 (0.73–1.19)	0.661
Normalized CL/F, liters/h/kg	0.11 (0.08–0.14)	0.10 (0.07–0.12)	0.12 (0.09–0.16)	0.010
Ethambutol (n = 110)
Cmax, μg/ml	1.67 (0.87–2.68)	2.28 (1.48–3.05)	1.33 (0.75–1.92)	<0.001
Tmax, h	2.04 (1.70–2.23)	2.03 (1.40–2.20)	2.05 (1.83–2.33)	0.641
AUC0–8, μg · h/ml	6.17 (3.71–9.15)	7.57 (5.16–10.68)	4.76 (2.98–6.76)	<0.001
Normalized Vz/F, liters/kg	8.98 (6.68–18.09)	8.12 (5.97–11.04)	11.25 (7.70–18.72)	0.008
Normalized CL/F, liters/h/kg	2.38 (1.76–3.38)	1.96 (1.51–2.73)	2.95 (2.20–3.81)	0.001