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. 2017 Jan 31;11:13. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00013

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Copyright © 2017 So, Huang, Ge, Cai, Zhang, Lu and Mu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival in the dentate gyrus (DG) of mice subjected to distinct training paradigms. (A) Representative images of Ki67+ cells and their colocalization with NeuN in FE, ME, and CT mice, respectively. Scale bar = 100 μm. (B) Representative images of BrdU+ cells and their colocalization with NeuN in FE, ME, and CT mice, respectively. Scale bar = 100 μm. (C) Quantification of Ki67+ cells reveals a significant decrease in their total number in FE mice when compared to ME mice. One-way ANOVA, F_2,12 = 9.429, P = 0.0035; post hoc test: ME vs. FE: ^∗P < 0.05; ME vs. CT: ^∗∗P < 0.01; FE vs. CT: P > 0.05; n = 5 in each group. (D) Quantification of BrdU+ cells reveals a significant decrease in their total number in FE mice as compared to ME mice. One-way ANOVA, F_2,12 = 24.06, P < 0.0001; post hoc test: ME vs. FE: ^∗∗∗P < 0.001; ME vs. CT: ^∗∗∗P < 0.001; FE vs. CT: P > 0.05; n = 5 in each group. (E) Cellular proliferation in the DG of mice subjected to 2-week training. Quantification of BrdU+ cells reveals no significant change in their total number in FE or ME mice. One-way ANOVA, F_2,12 = 3.254, P = 0.0743; n = 5 in each group. (F) Quantification of the ratios of BrdU+NeuN+ cells to BrdU+ cells in the FE, ME, and CT groups. One-way ANOVA, F_2,12 = 54.26, P < 0.0001; post hoc test: ME vs. CT: ^∗∗∗P < 0.001; FE vs. CT: ^∗∗∗P < 0.001; FE vs. ME: P > 0.05; n = 5 in each group. (G) Astrocyte differentiation in the DG of mice subjected to 6-week training. Quantification of the ratios of BrdU+GFAP+ cells to BrdU+ cells in the FE, ME, and CT groups. One-way ANOVA, F_2,12 = 6.379, P = 0.013; post hoc test: ME vs. CT: ^∗P < 0.05; ME vs. FE: P > 0.05; FE vs. CT: P > 0.05; n = 5 in each group.