Table 2.
Variables | Crude PR (95% CI) | Pb | Adjusted PR (95% CI)a | Pb |
---|---|---|---|---|
Level 1 | ||||
Mother´s age (years) | 0.01 | 0.037 | ||
<20 | 1 | 1 | ||
20–34 | 0.76 (0·63–0·91) | 1.21 (1.01–1.45) | ||
≥35 | 0.78 (0·61–1·00) | 1.36 (1.06–1.73) | ||
Schooling (years) | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
0–4 | 5·67 (4·42–7·28) | 5·47 (4·22–7·09) | ||
5–8 | 4·24 (3·36–5·34) | 4·25 (3·34–5·42) | ||
9–11 | 2·28 (1·79–2·90) | 2·27 (1·78–2·90) | ||
≥12 | 1 | 1 | ||
Skin color | <0.001 | 0.001 | ||
White | 1 | 1 | ||
Non-white | 1·70 (1·48–1·95) | 1·28 (1·11–1·47) | ||
Level 2 | ||||
Living with partner | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
Yes | 1 | 1 | ||
No | 1·66 (1·42–1·95) | 1·36 (1·15–1·61) | ||
Planned pregnancy | <0.001 | 0.001 | ||
Yes | 1 | 1 | ||
No | 1·78 (1·53–2·07) | 1·33 (1·13–1·57) | ||
Number of children at home | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
0 | 1 | 1 | ||
1 | 1·61 (1.36–1.89) | 1·55 (1·28–1·88) | ||
2 or more | 2·56 (2.15–3.00) | 1·72 (1·38–2·15) | ||
History of depression | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
Yes | 2.93 (2.56–3.35) | 2.81 (2.44–3.25) | ||
No | 1 | 1 | ||
Pre-pregnancy BMI | 0.044 | 0.444 | ||
<18.5 | 1 | 1 | ||
18.5–24.9 | 0.79 (0.53–1.19) | 0.90 (0·63–1·29) | ||
25.0–29.9 | 0.80 (0.53–1.21) | 0.87 (0·60–1·27) | ||
≥ 30 | 1·02 (0·67–1·55) | 1·00 (0·69–1·46) | ||
Level 3 | ||||
Smoking during pregnancy | <0.001 | 0.012 | ||
Yes | 2·17 (1·88–2·51) | 1·22 (1·05–1·43) | ||
No | 1 | 1 | ||
Alcohol during pregnancy | <0.001 | 0.002 | ||
Yes | 1·60 (1·35–1·90) | 1·30 (1·10–1·55) | ||
No | 1 | 1 | ||
Work outside home | <0.001 | 0.540 | ||
Yes | 1 | 1 | ||
No | 1·81 (1·56–2·10) | 0.95 (0·82–1·11) | ||
Hypertension | <0.001 | 0.123 | ||
Yes | 1·57 (1·31–1·88) | 1·15 (0·96–1·38) | ||
No | 1 | 1 | ||
Diabetes | 0.002 | 0.184 | ||
Yes | 1·53 (1·16–2·00) | 1·19 (0·92–1·55) | ||
No | 1 | 1 | ||
Leisure-time physical activity | <0.001 | 0.170 | ||
Yes | 1 | 1 | ||
No | 1·78 (0·44–0·78) | 1·18 (0·93–1·49) |
PRs shown for the adjusted analysis are adjusted for variables presenting a P value <0.20 in the same or in the upper levels of the conceptual model.
Wald test for heterogeneity.