Table 4. Longitudinal assessment of development.
| n | % | % | |||
| Comparison at age 2 and 5 years (n = 393) | |||||
| Cognition (n = 331) | MDI*1/IQ*2 ≥ 85 | 168 | 50.8 | unchanged category |
73.1 |
| MDI*1/IQ*2 70–84 | 36 | 10.9 | |||
| MDI*1/IQ*2 <70 | 38 | 11.4 | |||
| MDI*1/IQ*2 70–84 → ≥ 85 | 40 | 12.1 | positive category change |
17.8 | |
| MDI*1/IQ*2 <70 → 70–84 | 19 | 5.7 | |||
| MDI*1/IQ*2 ≥ 85 → 70–84 | 27 | 8.2 | negative category change |
9.1 | |
| MDI*1/IQ*2 70–84 → <70 | 3 | 0.9 | |||
| Motor function (n = 389) | normal | 154 | 39.6 | unchanged category |
67.9 |
| abnormal*3 | 57 | 14.7 | |||
| Cerebral palsy (CP) | 53 | 13.6 | |||
| abnormal*3→ normal | 22 | 5.6 | positive category change |
7.4 | |
| CP → abnormal*3 | 7 | 1.8 | |||
| normal → abnormal*3 | 85 | 21.9 | negative category change |
24.7 | |
| abnormal*3→ CP | 11 | 2.8 | |||
| Comparison at age 5 and 10 years (n = 85) | |||||
| Cognition (n = 79) | IQ*2 ≥ 85 | 45 | 57.1 | unchanged category |
82.4 |
| IQ*2 70–84 | 11 | 13.9 | |||
| IQ*2 <70 | 9 | 11.4 | |||
| IQ*2 70–84 → ≥ 85 | 5 | 2.5 | positive category change |
8.8 | |
| IQ*2 <70 → 70–84 | 2 | 6.3 | |||
| IQ*2 ≥ 85 → 70–84 | 5 | 6.3 | negative category change |
8.8 | |
| IQ*2 70–84 → <70 | 2 | 2.5 | |||
| Motor function (n = 85) | normal | 28 | 32.9 | unchanged category |
72.8 |
| DCD*4 | 16 | 18.8 | |||
| CP | 18 | 21.1 | |||
| DCD*4 → normal | 19 | 22.4 | positive category change |
22.4 | |
| CP → DCD*4 | 0 | 0 | |||
| normal → DCD*4 | 2 | 2.4 | negative category change |
4.8 | |
| DCD*4 → CP | 2 | 2.4 | |||
| Behavior (n = 68) | normal range*5 | 32 | 47.1 | unchanged category |
57.4 |
| borderline range*6 | 1 | 1.5 | |||
| clinical range*7 | 6 | 8.8 | |||
| clinical range*7→ normal range*5 | 3 | 4.4 | positive category change |
19.1 | |
| borderline range*6→ normal range*5 | 7 | 10.3 | |||
| clinical range*7→ borderline range*6 | 3 | 4.4 | |||
| normal range*5→ borderline range*6 | 7 | 10.3 | negative category change |
23.5 | |
| borderline range*6→ clinical range*7 | 2 | 2.9 | |||
| normal range*5→ clinical range*7 | 7 | 10.3 | |||
*1 Mental Development Index (MDI) of Bayley Scales of Infant Development II (Bayley II)
*2 Intelligence quotient (IQ) of the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K-ABC) or Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children IV (WISC IV)
*3 abnormal according to set of criteria (see eBox)
*4 Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) or abnormal DCD screening or abnormal according to set of criteria (see eBox)
*5 T value according to standardization Child Behavior Checklist 4–18 (CBCL/4–18) = 59
*6 T value according to standardization Child Behavior Checklist 4–18 (CBCL/4–18) 60–63
*7 T value according to standardization Child Behavior Checklist 4–18 (CBCL/4–18) = 64