Table 3.
Demographic and biological characteristics of the analytic sample
| Full sample | Male | Female | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean/ Prop. | SD | Median | Mean/ Prop. |
SD | Median | Mean/ Prop. |
SD | Median | |
| Demographic characteristics | |||||||||
| Male (%) | 45.9% | -- | -- | 100.0% | -- | -- | 0.0% | -- | -- |
| Age (years) | 67.95 | 7.56 | 68.00 | 68.62 | 8.06 | 68.00 | 67.39 | 7.07 | 68.00 |
| 55–59 | 15.3% | -- | -- | 15.4% | -- | -- | 15.3% | -- | -- |
| 60–64 | 20.9% | -- | -- | 20.1% | -- | -- | 21.5% | -- | -- |
| 65–69 | 21.9% | -- | -- | 18.8% | -- | -- | 24.7% | -- | -- |
| 70–74 | 21.8% | -- | -- | 20.2% | -- | -- | 23.2% | -- | -- |
| 75–79 | 11.2% | -- | -- | 14.9% | -- | -- | 7.9% | -- | -- |
| 80 + | 8.9% | -- | -- | 10.6% | -- | -- | 7.4% | -- | -- |
| Education, completed years | 14.02 | 3.53 | 15.00 | 13.90 | 3.83 | 15.00 | 14.13 | 3.26 | 15.00 |
| Mortality | |||||||||
| Died by January 31, 2014 (%) | 15.7% | -- | -- | 23.1% | -- | -- | 9.4% | -- | -- |
| Biomarker risk indexes | |||||||||
| Clinical index (possible range: 0–9) | 2.52 | 1.81 | 2.00 | 2.36 | 1.83 | 2.00 | 2.64 | 1.78 | 2.00 |
| Heart rate index (possible range: 0–4) | 0.69 | 0.95 | 0.00 | 0.71 | 0.97 | 0.00 | 0.67 | 0.94 | 0.00 |
| Inflammation index (possible range: 0–3) | 0.71 | 0.85 | 0.00 | 0.71 | 0.84 | 0.00 | 0.72 | 0.85 | 1.00 |
| Neuroendocrine index (possible range: 0–4) | 0.79 | 0.85 | 1.00 | 0.77 | 0.86 | 1.00 | 0.80 | 0.85 | 1.00 |
| Inflammation biomarkers | |||||||||
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 3.31 | 5.26 | 1.70 | 3.49 | 5.92 | 1.60 | 3.16 | 4.63 | 1.75 |
| Interleukin-6 (pg/L) | 1.53 | 5.30 | 0.05 | 1.74 | 5.29 | 0.05 | 1.35 | 5.31 | 0.05 |
| Fibrinogen (g/L) | 3.84 | 0.82 | 3.75 | 3.84 | 0.90 | 3.70 | 3.84 | 0.75 | 3.78 |
| Neuroendocrine biomarkers | |||||||||
| Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (micromol/L) | 2.48 | 1.90 | 1.90 | 3.05 | 2.21 | 2.51 | 2.00 | 1.43 | 1.60 |
| Cortisol (microgram/ g creatinine) | 30.74 | 24.35 | 24.27 | 31.03 | 23.14 | 25.96 | 30.49 | 25.35 | 22.68 |
| Epinephrine (microgram/ g creatinine) | 8.24 | 7.43 | 6.38 | 7.08 | 7.18 | 5.27 | 9.22 | 7.51 | 7.18 |
| Norepinephrine (microgram/ g creatinine) | 37.98 | 33.85 | 29.17 | 32.91 | 29.83 | 25.19 | 42.29 | 36.38 | 33.10 |
| Heart rate biomarkers | |||||||||
| Mean heart rate (bpm) | 74.28 | 9.47 | 74.00 | 73.52 | 10.30 | 72.00 | 74.92 | 8.67 | 75.00 |
| Ratio of mean daytime heart rate to mean nighttime heart rate | 1.32 | 0.13 | 1.31 | 1.31 | 0.13 | 1.31 | 1.32 | 0.12 | 1.32 |
| Standard deviation of normal beat-to-beat intervals (SDNN) (ms) | 142.23 | 36.15 | 141.36 | 142.31 | 37.81 | 142.09 | 142.17 | 34.71 | 139.74 |
| Root-mean-square of successive diffs in beat-to-beat intervals (RMSSD) | 26.24 | 21.37 | 21.10 | 25.91 | 20.25 | 20.47 | 26.51 | 22.29 | 21.67 |
| Cardiovascular biomarkers | |||||||||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHG) | 142.08 | 23.39 | 140.00 | 144.96 | 23.75 | 142.00 | 139.64 | 22.80 | 138.00 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHG) | 81.28 | 12.70 | 80.00 | 83.42 | 12.76 | 82.00 | 79.46 | 12.38 | 79.25 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 5.96 | 1.18 | 5.90 | 5.60 | 1.11 | 5.57 | 6.26 | 1.15 | 6.20 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 1.28 | 0.32 | 1.24 | 1.21 | 0.31 | 1.16 | 1.34 | 0.32 | 1.32 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 1.35 | 0.73 | 1.20 | 1.32 | 0.70 | 1.16 | 1.37 | 0.75 | 1.25 |
| Glycosylated hemoglobin (%) | 6.02 | 0.90 | 5.90 | 5.99 | 0.88 | 5.80 | 6.05 | 0.91 | 5.90 |
| Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) | 2.83 | 2.45 | 2.21 | 2.70 | 2.51 | 2.05 | 2.95 | 2.39 | 2.34 |
| Body mass index | 28.58 | 4.88 | 28.34 | 27.55 | 4.47 | 27.28 | 29.45 | 5.05 | 29.32 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 93.06 | 12.51 | 93.00 | 96.44 | 12.57 | 96.00 | 90.18 | 11.72 | 90.00 |
| N | 1,604 | 736 | 868 | ||||||