Modulation of in vivo liver α-ClFA levels. Liver TAG (A), FFA (B), and α-ClFA (C) levels were determined in 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice that were either fed chow (fed), fed chow and then fasted 24 h (fasted), or sequentially fed chow, fasted 24 h, and then refed 6 h (refed). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001, as indicated. In each panel values are the mean ± SEM with n = 4–5 per group.