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. 2016 May 4;76(2):427–434. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-208953

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Batf (basic leucine zipper transcription factor, ATF-like) knockout (KO) in mice suppresses destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM)-induced osteoarthritis. Cartilage destruction (A) and immunostaining of the indicated targets (B) in cartilage of sham-operated and DMM-operated wild-type (WT) and Batf^−/− mice (n=7 mice). (C) Subchondral bone sclerosis and synovial inflammation in sham-operated and DMM-operated WT and Batf^−/− mice (n=7 mice). Chondrocytes isolated from Batf^−/− and WT littermates were treated with interleukin (IL)-6 (100 ng/mL) (D) or IL-1β (1 ng/mL) (E). qRT-PCR analyses of mRNA levels of the indicated genes (n=8). Values represent means±SEM (*p<0.001). NS, not significant. Scale bar: 50 μm.