. 2016 Sep 30;180(1):19. doi: 10.1136/vr.103825

TABLE 1:

Mosquito-borne viruses affecting horses and known morbidity and mortality information

	Virus
	JEV	WNV	EEEV	WEEV	VEEV	MVEV	RRV	Getah virus
Inapparent infections common	Yes⁹	Yes⁷	Yes²	Yes	No⁹	Yes¹³	Yes¹²	Yes
Morbidity	0.03–1.4% of horses in a region³	1 in 11–12 infections⁷	61%¹ of horses on some farms	low	10% of regional population (estimated)^10,11	Low	Low	Unknown
Case mortality	5–40%^4,5^,6	38–57%⁷	Up to 73%¹	20–30%⁸	40–90%^10,11	Low	Low	Not fatal
Vaccination available	Y	UK licensed	Y	Y	Y			Y

Y—available in affected countries

¹Silva and others (2011)

²Pauvolid-Corrêa and others (2010)

³Spickler (2010)

⁴Ellis and others (2000)

⁵Hale and Witherington (1953)

⁶Nakamura (1972)

⁷Sellon and Long (2013)

⁸Long and Gibbs (2007)

⁹Rico-Hesse (2000)

¹⁰Sudia and others (1975)

¹¹Zehmer and others (1974)

¹²Vale and others (1991)

¹³Holmes and others (2012)

EEEV, Eastern equine encephalitis virus; JEV, Japanese encephalitis virus; MVEV, Murray Valley encephalitis virus; RRV, Ross River virus; VEEV, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus; WEEV, Western equine encephalitis virus; WNV, West Nile virus