Table 1.

Comparison of proposed training procedures.

Shafiro's training program	Proposed modification
Include Multiple Tokens of Sounds	Include Multiple Tokens of Sounds
Closed-Set Identification	Phase 1: Same-Different Discrimination
Stimuli presented in quiet	Stimuli presented in noise to improve ecological validity
Feedback for incorrect responses: Repeat stimulus three times	Feedback for incorrect responses:   Step 1—present sound with video   Step 2—present sound in quiet   Step 3—present sound in noise
Only one phase	Phase 2: Closed-Set Identification
	Stimuli presented in noise to improve ecological validity
	Feedback for incorrect responses:   Step 1—present sound with video   Step 2—present sound in quiet   Step 3—present sound in noise