Figure 1.

Cyld^−/− mice are protected from Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA)-induced experimental cerebral malaria. (A) C57BL/6 Cyld^−/− and WT (n = 10 each) mice were intravenously (i.v.) infected with 20,000 PbA sporozoites, and survival rates were monitored daily up to day 28 postinfection (p.i.). Data represent one of two independent experiments. (B) C57BL/6 Cyld^−/− and WT (n = 10 each) mice were intraperitoneally infected with 1 × 10⁶ PbA-infected red blood cells, and the survival was monitored daily up to day 28 p.i. Data represent one of two independent experiments, p < 0.05 (log-rank test). (C,D) At day 7 p.i., Evans Blue was injected i.v. in mice infected with PbA sporozoites (C) and PbA-parasitized red blood cells (D). The mice were euthanized 1 h later and perfused with saline, and the isolated brains were photographed. Representative images from three independent experiments are shown. (E,F) The percentage of parasitized erythrocytes in the peripheral blood was enumerated daily from Giemsa-stained thin blood smears after infection with PbA sporozoites (E) and PbA-infected red blood cells (F), p < 0.05 (two-tailed Student’s t-test).