Schematic summary of the orientation of the plasticity in L5PyNs of the PFC. Ratio of L5PyNs displaying LTP, LTD or no plasticity calculated 45 min after HFS under different conditions. In each case, the analysis of the neuronal population results from 15 independent experiments. Left and right charts were obtained from control 129/Sv mice or from 5-HT1AR-knock out (5-HT1AR-KO) mice. Note that the ratio of L5PyNs displaying LTP was significantly increased in 5-HT1AR-KO mice (see Meunier et al., 2013). In 129/Sv mice, the D1-like receptors (D1Rs) agonist, SKF 81297, markedly reduced the proportion of L5PyNs displaying LTD while it enhanced the ratio of L5PyNs displaying LTP (Meunier et al., 2015). The D2Rs agonist, quinpirole, markedly increased the ratio of L5PyNs displaying LTD (from Meunier et al., 2017). In 5-HT1AR-KO mice, the D1Rs agonist, SKF 81297, markedly increased the proportion of L5PyNs displaying LTD while it reduced the ratio of L5PyNs displaying LTP. Activation of D2R with quinpirole had no significant effect on the ratio of L5PyNs displaying LTD.