Table 1. Characteristics of the participants.
| Measure | HV (n=25)a | MDD (n=25)b | Significance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (s.d.), years | 27.44 (8.75) | 27.76 (9.01) | 0.90 |
| Sex, n males | 14/25 | 15/25 | |
| HAM-D, mean (s.d.) | 1.64 (1.52) | 19.08 (3.75) | <0.001 |
| BDI, mean (s.d.) | 3.76 (4.13) | 25.36 (8.94) | <0.001 |
| FSS, mean (s.d.) | 26.60 (8.76) | 45.92 (9.46) | <0.001 |
| SHAPS, mean (s.d.) | 7.80 (6.35) | 18.96 (7.02) | <0.001 |
| Wechsler Test of Adult | 110.92 (5.15) | 110.12 (7.54) | 0.66 |
| Reading predicted FSIQ, mean (s.d.) | |||
| Average first-deg rel with MDD, mean (s.d.) | NA | 1.86 (1.30) | |
| Average first-deg rel treated, mean (s.d.) | NA | 1.47 (1.25) | |
| Age first episode, mean (sd) | NA | 18.16 (5.64) | |
| Total no. of episodes, mean (s.d.) | NA | 2.88 (1.01) | |
| Past antidepressant use, n | NA | 14/25 | |
| Years since last medicated, mean (s.d.) | NA | 6.6 (6.8) | |
| Hospitalised for MDD, n | NA | 6/25 | |
| Attempted suicide, n | NA | 10/25 | |
| Average no. of suicide attempts, mean (s.d.) | NA | 1.08 (1.52) | |
| Shock level, mA (s.d.) | 0.45 (0.19) | 0.43 (0.53) | 0.86 |
| % Missing resp (s.d.)–conditioning task | 3.14 (1.15) | 4.17 (1.10) | 0.52 |
| Movement parameters | |||
| Sum absolute translations, mm | 12.80 (8.16) | 10.03 (7.74) | 0.30 |
| Sum absolute rotation, deg | 13.31 (11.00) | 10.27 (11.22) | 0.44 |
Abbreviations: BDI, Beck Depression Inventory; deg, degree; FSIQ, Full Scale Intelligence Quotient; FSS, Fatigue Sensitivity Scale; HAM-D, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression; HV, healthy volunteer; MDD, major depressive disorder; NA, not available; rel, relative; resp, response; SHAPS, Snaith–Hamilton Pleasure Scale.
a
A total of 23 in arterial spin labelling (ASL) analysis.
b
A total of 22 in ASL analysis.