Table 2.
Exposure Metrics for Weekly Average (Lag06) Apparent Temperature and Air Pollutants during the Warm Season, by California County, 1995-2009 (n = 6497)
| County | Case Mean Apparent Temperature, °F (5th, 95th) |
Case-Control Difference °F |
Minimum Apparent Temperature, °F (5th, 95th) |
Maximum Apparent Temperature, °F (5th, 95th) |
Max O3
a, ppb (5th ,95th ) |
Max COa, ppm (5th,95th) |
Max NO2
a, ppb (5th,95th ) |
Max SO2
a, ppb (5th,95th ) |
Mean PM2.5 a, µg/m3 (5th ,95th ) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alameda | 61.7(54.0-70.4) | 3 | 52.9(44.9-59.8) | 72.6(61.7-85.1) | 39.3(21.5-68.5) | 0.9(0.3-2.2) | 26.2(9.5-51) | 3.3(0.5-8.5) | 12.8(5.7-24.1) |
| Butteb | 67.2(49.7-76.5) | 6 | 52(31.9-62.3) | 82.7(65.5-92.1) | 57.8(37.5-85.5) | 0.6(0.4-0.9) | 26.6(22-36) | N.A. | 15.4(2.8-81.3) |
| Contra Costa | 64.6(54.3-75.1) | 3.6 | 52.5(43.3-60.2) | 78.7(64.6-92.8) | 47.3(27.0-79.5) | 0.7(0.3-1.8) | 22(9-42.5) | 5.0(1.0-13.5) | 8.2(4.1-14.4) |
| El Dorado/Amador | 67.6(51.5-83.0) | 5.7 | 54.6(40.6-65.9) | 81(60.1-99.3) | 70.7(44.0-108.0) | 0.5(0.2-1) | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. |
| Madera | 70.7(54.7-95.5) | 4.5 | 54.9(39.9-80.8) | 86.3(70.4-109.9) | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. |
| Marin | 59.1(51.8-66.1) | 3.2 | 47.6(39.4-54.4) | 73.1(60.5-87.4) | 32.9(19.5-51.0) | 0.9(0.4-2.2) | 21.1(11-36.5) | N.A. | N.A. |
| Merced | 65.1(50.8-74.3) | 5.6 | 48.4(36.4-56.7) | 81.5(63.9-94.7) | 64.3(43.0-97.0) | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. |
| Monterey | 57.5(52.8-63.7) | 1.3 | 50.6(45.5-55.9) | 66.3(59.7-77.3) | 36.0(24.5-52.5) | 0.9(0.5-1.6) | 15.2(6-32.5) | N.A. | N.A. |
| Napa/Lake | 60.9(52.1-68.7) | 3 | 46.4(38.5-54.1) | 77(63.6-88.8) | 43.3(28.5-65.0) | 0.8(0.2-2.1) | 18.5(7.5-37.5) | N.A. | N.A. |
| Nevada/Fresno | 73.8(60.8-86.0) | 4.4 | 59.7(48.2-73.1) | 87(70.9-99.6) | 76.4(45.5-113.0) | 0.8(0.2-1.9) | 30.4(13-58.5) | 4.4(0.5-11.0) | 12.1(5.0-27.5) |
| Placer | 69.4(56.1-80.9) | 4 | 56.9(46.4-66.2) | 82.6(66.7-95.8) | 63.5(37.5-96.5) | 0.8(0.3-1.6) | 31.6(9.5-61) | 2.4(0.5-5.5) | N.A. |
| Sacramento | 68.9(56.9-80.2) | 4.3 | 55.6(45.4-64.9) | 83.7(68.3-96.4) | 61.5(37.0-92.5) | 0.9(0.3-2.3) | 25.2(8.5-51.5) | 3.4(0.5-9.0) | 9.6(4.0-17.5) |
| San Benito | 58.7(48.6-69.2) | 3 | 46.9(38.4-58.8) | 72.5(59.1-82.5) | 48.3(34.0-71.5) | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. |
| San Francisco | 59.6(53.0-66.1) | 2.5 | 53(47.2-58.6) | 68.8(59.4-77.7) | 32.3(21.0-45.5) | 1.1(0.4-2.4) | 24.9(10-51.5) | 3.0(0.5-9.0) | 11.2(4.8-19.9) |
| San Joaquin | 68.6(56.1-78.8) | 4.1 | 55(43.7-65.4) | 83.2(68.1-94.8) | 56.0(34.0-83.0) | 0.9(0.3-2.1) | 30.2(15.3-54.5) | N.A. | 17.9(9.0-52.0) |
| San Mateo | 59.9(53.3-67.3) | 2.7 | 53.1(47.3-59.7) | 68.9(60.7-78.4) | 34.1(22.0-51.0) | 1(0.4-2.4) | 24.1(11.5-42.5) | 2.9(0.0-8.5) | 10.6(5.0-19.2) |
| Santa Clara | 64.0(55.4-71.8) | 3.3 | 54.2(46.1-61.5) | 75.9(64.7-85.7) | 43.6(26.5-72.0) | 1.2(0.3-3) | 32.4(14.5-59.5) | 0.7(0.2-1.6) | 11.5(5.3-22.3) |
| Santa Cruz | 57.8(52.0-63.4) | 1.9 | 48(43.2-53.5) | 69.8(58.7-79.1) | 42.1(27.0-64.5 | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. |
| Solano | 63.5(53.8-73.5) | 3.3 | 51.2(41.6-58.8) | 78.1(64.9-91) | 44.7(27.0-73.5) | 0.8(0.3-2.8) | 18.8(7-39) | 3.2(1.0-8.5) | 8.8(3.8-14.2) |
| Sonoma/Mendocino | 58.5(48.9-66.0) | 3.1 | 43.9(34-51) | 76.1(61.7-86.9) | 37.7(24.5-55.5) | 0.7(0.3-1.7) | 20.3(8-37.5) | N.A. | 5.8(3.7-7.9) |
| Stanislaus | 69.9(59.1-82.7) | 4.2 | 56(45.7-69) | 84.7(70.4-97.7) | 61.3(36.5-91.5) | 0.7(0.1-2.4) | 30.7(9.5-66.5) | N.A. | 6.0(6.0-6.0) |
| Sutter | 66.2(55.5-75.9) | 3.2 | 52.5(42.7-61) | 80.2(69.5-90.1) | 50.6(23.5-77.5) | 1.2(0.2-3.3) | 31.7(12-56) | N.A. | 6.6(3.5-8.5) |
| Tulare/King | 71.9(63.6-81.3) | 2.4 | 56.8(48.4-66.4) | 85.7(76.9-96.4) | 81.1(48.0-113.0) | 0.8(0.5-1.1) | 25.7(10.5-53.5) | N.A. | 12.0(12.0-12.0) |
| Yolo | 68.8(56.3-79.9) | 4 | 54(43.5-63.9) | 84.7(67.3-97.8) | 58.4(38.5-85.0) | 0.6(0.2-1.9) | 23.6(10.5-47) | N.A. | 9.5(4.0-15.5) |
| Total | 64.5(54.2-77.1) | 3.5 | 53.4(43.5-62.8) | 77.5(63.2-93.3) | 47.5(25-84) | 0.9(0.3-2.3) | 25.2(9-51) | 3.6(0.5-10) | 10.6(4.5-20.5) |
Abbreviations: CO carbon monoxide, NO 2 nitrogen dioxide, O 3 ozone, SO 2 sulfur dioxide, PM 2.5 particulate matter less than 2.5 lm in aerodynamic diameter
aAir pollution data restricted to monitors within 10 km of cases
b5 Combined counties includes: Butte, Lassen, Shasta, Tehama, Yuba