TABLE III. Studies finding greater antidepressant efficacy in males than in females.

Reference	Drug type	Study type	Subjects	Results
Kornstein et al,31 2000	SSRIs, TCAs	12-Wk double-blind trial with sertraline or imipramine	235 Male and 400 female outpatients with chronic major depression or double depression	Males responded better to TCA imipramine than females
Hamilton et al,39 1996	TCAs	Meta-analysis of 35 studies that reported imipramine response rates	342 Males and 711 females with depression	Imipramine response rates were significantly better for males than females
Old Age Depression Interest Group,40 1993	TCAs	24-Mo, double-blind placebo-controlled study of continuation/prophylaxis therapy with dothiepin	19 Males and 50 females with major depression	Males taking dothiepine were less likely to experience a recurrence of depression than females
Frank et al,10 1988	TCAs	16-Wk trial with imipramine and interpersonal psychotherapy	50 Males and 180 females with recurrent major depression	Males showed a more rapid and sustained clinical response to imipramine than females
Raskin,41 1974	TCAs and MAOIs	3-Wk trial with chlorpromazine, imipramine, diazepam, phenelzine, or placebo	268 Males and 612 females with moderate depression	Older males responded more positively to active drug than older females