FIG 2.

LJ001 blocks IHNV infection in vitro. (A) Concentrations of up to 10 μM LJ001 (or 10 μM LJ025) were preincubated with 1 × 10⁴ PFU/ml IHNV for 30 min during exposure to light. The IHNV titer was determined via a plaque assay. There was complete inhibition of infection with 5 and 10 μM LJ001, substantial and significant inhibition with 1.0 μM LJ001, and mild but significant inhibition with 0.1 μM LJ001 compared to the positive control (IHNV with no LJ001 treatment). The negative-control molecule LJ025 had no inhibitory effect. Mock controls had negative titers. Data represent mean IHNV titers ± standard errors (n = 3). *, P < 0.001. (B) LJ001 was preincubated with the virus for 15, 30, and 60 min. Inhibition was enhanced with an increased time of exposure of LJ001 to the virus. The difference in inhibition was significant at between 15 min and 60 min for both 1.0 μM and 0.1 μM LJ001. Mock controls had negative titers. Data represent mean IHNV titers ± standard errors (n = 4).*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01. (C) Up to 10 μM LJ001 (or 10 μM LJ025) was directly applied to EPC cells, followed by the addition of untreated virus at 3 × 10³ PFU/ml. Inhibition of infection is dose dependent but decreased compared to that with virus/drug preincubation. Mock controls had negative titers. Data represent mean IHNV titers ± standard errors (n = 3). *, P < 0.001.