Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics for Cohort and Those Exposed to the 2012 Beers, 2003 Beers, and STOPP Criteria
| Characteristics | Total Cohort N=174,275 No. (%) | 2012 Beers N=59,426 No. (%) | 2003 Beers N=56,144 No. (%) | STOPP N=48,121 No. (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years)* | ||||
| 65–74 | 128,306 (73.6) | 37,150 (62.5) | 36,603 (65.2) | 30,951 (64.3) |
| 75–84 | 34,637 (19.9) | 17,098 (28.8) | 14,991 (26.7) | 13,098 (27.2) |
| 85 and older | 11,332 (6.5) | 5,178 (8.7) | 4,550 (8.1) | 4,072 (8.5) |
|
| ||||
| Female* | 94,588 (54.3) | 34,779 (58.5) | 33,997 (60.6) | 27,809 (57.8) |
|
| ||||
| Insurance Type* | ||||
| Medicare HMO | 22,570 (13.0) | 11,071 (18.6) | 9,907 (17.7) | 8,630 (17.9) |
| Medicare non-HMO | 24,992 (14.3) | 8,995 (15.1) | 8,357 (14.9) | 7,248 (15.1) |
| Commercial HMO | 20,432 (11.7) | 5,449 (9.2) | 5,311 (9.5) | 4,755 (9.9) |
| Commercial non-HMO | 96,412 (55.3) | 31,116 (52.4) | 29,868 (53.2) | 25,214 (52.4) |
| Unspecified | 9,869 (5.7) | 2,795 (4.7) | 2,701 (4.8) | 2,274 (4.7) |
|
| ||||
| Region | ||||
| East | 35,987 (20.7) | 11,739 (19.8) | 11,333 (20.2) | 10,233 (21.3) |
| Midwest | 57,514 (33.0) | 20,388 (34.3) | 19,219 (34.2) | 16,688 (34.7) |
| South | 43,528 (25.0) | 14,294 (24.1) | 13,393 (23.9) | 11,508 (23.9) |
| West | 37,246 (21.4) | 13,005 (21.9) | 12,199 (21.7) | 9,692 (20.1) |
|
| ||||
| Charlson Co-morbidity | ||||
| Index (Pre-index) | ||||
| Mean (SD)* | 1.3 (1.7) | 1.6 (1.9) | 1.6 (1.8) | 1.8 (2.0) |
| 0–1 | 117,690 (67.5) | 35,013 (58.9) | 33,803 (60.2) | 27,111 (56.3) |
| 2–3 | 39,736 (22.8) | 16,513 (27.8) | 15,265 (27.2) | 13,744 (28.6) |
| 3+ | 16,849 (9.7) | 7,900 (13.3) | 7,076 (12.6) | 7,266 (15.1) |
|
| ||||
| Prescription utilization | ||||
| Total prescription fills per 12 months | ||||
| Mean (SD)* | 12.1 (36.5) | 20.5 (17.7) | 20.0 (16.3) | 19.4 (16.3) |
| Unique drug classes | ||||
| Mean (SD)* | 4.4 (5.3) | 8.8 (5.5) | 8.7 (5.5) | 8.8 (5.7) |
|
| ||||
| Long term care | 3,682 (2.1) | 2,287 (3.9) | 2,088 (3.7) | 2,126 (4.42) |
|
| ||||
| Follow-up time (months) | ||||
| Mean (SD)* | 24.9 (13.2) | 29.1 (11.8) | 29.4 (11.6) | 30.1 (11.2) |
| Median | 27.0 | 36.0 | 36.0 | 36.0 |
| IQR | 12–39 | 18–39 | 19–39 | 12–39 |
*
p<0.01 for comparison between “Any Exposure” and Total Cohort.
Significant differences were not observed between criteria
Abbreviations: HMO (health maintenance organization); SD (standard deviation); IQR (inter-quartile range)