Table 5. Associations between ethnicity/race and disease-specific and overall survival by year of diagnosis.
| Race | Disease-Specific Survival | Overall Survival | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR* (95% CI) | P value | HR* (95% CI) | P value | ||
| Stage I-III | |||||
| 1988-2003 | African American | 1.38 (1.29, 1.46) | <0.001 | 1.25 (1.19, 1.31) | <0.001 |
| Asian | 0.96 (0.90, 1.04) | 0.32 | 0.89 (0.84, 0.94) | <0.001 | |
| Hispanic | 1.13 (1.06, 1.21) | <0.001 | 1.05 (1.00, 1.11) | 0.056 | |
| Native American | 1.35 (1.05, 1.74) | 0.020 | 1.30 (1.07, 1.59) | 0.010 | |
| 2004-2012 | African American | 1.20 (1.11, 1.29) | <0.001 | 1.18 (1.12, 1.26) | <0.001 |
| Asian | 0.87 (0.79, 0.95) | 0.002 | 0.84 (0.78, 0.90) | <0.001 | |
| Hispanic | 1.05 (0.97, 1.13) | 0.21 | 0.97 (0.91, 1.03) | 0.34 | |
| Native American | 0.85 (0.63, 1.14) | 0.27 | 1.04 (0.83, 1.29) | 0.76 | |
| Pfor interaction† | 0.001 | 0.058 | |||
| Stage IV | |||||
| 1988-2003 | African American | 1.18 (1.08, 1.29) | <0.001 | 1.18 (1.09, 1.28) | <0.001 |
| Asian | 0.99 (0.89, 1.09) | 0.79 | 1.01 (0.92, 1.12) | 0.79 | |
| Hispanic | 1.00 (0.91, 1.10) | 0.97 | 1.04 (0.95, 1.13) | 0.40 | |
| Native American | 0.90 (0.66, 1.22) | 0.49 | 0.86 (0.64, 1.15) | 0.31 | |
| 2004-2012 | African American | 1.10 (1.01, 1.20) | 0.023 | 1.12 (1.04, 1.21) | 0.004 |
| Asian | 0.92 (0.83, 1.02) | 0.095 | 0.94 (0.85, 1.03) | 0.17 | |
| Hispanic | 0.94 (0.86, 1.02) | 0.14 | 0.94 (0.87, 1.02) | 0.15 | |
| Native American | 0.88 (0.65, 1.18) | 0.39 | 0.88 (0.66, 1.16) | 0.35 | |
| Pfor interaction† | 0.61 | 0.38 | |||
*
Whites as a reference.
†
Based on Wald test in the multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model adjusting for sex, age, histology, differentiation, T stage, N stage, AJCC TNM7 stage (for stage I-III), surgery, radiation therapy, sequence of radiation to surgery, chemotherapy, number of lymph nodes resected, CEA level, marital status at diagnosis, and stratified by SEER registration sites.