Figure 6.

(A) Using the RNA sequence data of the in human gastric cancer tissues obtained from the database of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), gene expression analysis was performed. Box-plots indicate EPSIN 3 expression in stomach tissues. The vertical axis indicates the normalized expression level of EPSIN 3, the top bar represents the maximum observed value, the lower bar represents the minimum observed value, the top of the box is the upper or third quartile, the bottom of the box is the lower or first quartile, and the middle bar is the median value. The P value was calculated by using Mann–Whitney U tests. (B) qRT-PCR analysis of EPSIN 3 mRNA levels in biopsy samples from the gastric mucosa in the absence (n = 28) or presence (n = 214) of H. pylori. The vertical axis indicates the expression level of EPSIN 3 normalized against β-actin expression, the top bar represents 90% of the maximum observed value, the lower bar represents 10% of the maximum observed value, the top of the box is the upper or third quartile, the bottom of the box is the lower or first quartile, and the middle bar is the median value. The P value was calculated by a Mann–Whitney U test. (C) Comparison of the expression levels of EPSIN 3 in each individual patient (n = 54) before and after H. pylori eradication. The vertical axis indicates the expression level of EPSIN 3 normalized against β-actin expression. (D) qRT-PCR analysis of Epsin 3 mRNA levels in the stomachs of mice that were sacrificed 24 h after treatment with 40 mg/kg of intraperitoneal indomethacin (n = 3). The vertical axis indicates the expression level of EPSIN 3 normalized against β-actin expression. The P value was calculated by using Student's t test. (E) Scheme of EPSIN 3 mediated gastric carcinogenesis. EPSIN 3 is inactivated in the stomach by p53 inactivation and H. pylori infection, and its inactivation causes apoptosis resistance, a hallmark of cancer cells.