Table 1. Comparison of Baseline Characteristics between Singapore Malay Eye Study (SiMES) and Singapore Prospective Study-2 (SP2) participants.
| Characteristics | SiMES | SP2 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 709) | (n = 425) | ||
| Age, mean (SD), years | 60.2 (9.71) | 56.90 (9.61) | <0.001 |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
| Chinese | 0 (0.00) | 177 (41.65) | |
| Malay | 709 (100.00) | 107 (25.18) | |
| Indian | 0 (0.00) | 141 (33.18) | |
| Gender, male | 319 (44.99) | 229 (53.88) | 0.004 |
| Current smoking, yes (%) | 119 (16.78) | 54 (12.71) | 0.050 |
| Hypertension, yes (%) | 577 (81.38) | 270 (63.53) | <0.001 |
| Systolic BP, mean (SD), mmHg | 152.86 (22.00) | 142.86 (21.68) | <0.001 |
| Diastolic BP, mean (SD), mmHg | 80.55 (10.78) | 80.60 (10.53) | 0.946 |
| Total Cholesterol, mean (SD), mmol/L | 5.63 (1.22) | 5.28 (1.09) | <0.001 |
| HDL-cholesterol, mean (SD), mmol/L | 1.29 (0.30) | 1.30 (0.30) | 0.569 |
| LDL-cholesterol, mean (SD), mmol/L | 3.48 (0.99) | 3.23 (0.96) | <0.001 |
| HbA1c, % (mmol/mol) | 8.06 (65) | 7.64 (60) | <0.001 |
| Duration of diabetes, mean (SD), years | 5.18 (7.97) | 4.54 (8.06) | 0.182 |
| Hypoglycemic medication, yes (%) | 316 (44.57) | 191 (42.07) | 0.402 |
| Anti-hypertensive medication, yes (%) | 236 (33.29) | 161 (37.88) | 0.116 |
| Anti-hyperlipidaemia medication, yes (%) | 156 (22.23) | 116 (27.29) | 0.043 |
| eGFR, mean (SD), mL/min/1.73 m2 | 73.60 (22.23) | 81.74 (18.18) | <0.001 |
| hsCRP, mean (SD), mg/L | 4.19 (5.89) | 4.28 (8.40) | 0.843 |
p-value based on chi-squared test, or independent-samples t-test, where appropriate.
SiMES: Singapore Malay Eye Study; SP2: Singapore Prospective Study-2; BMI: body mass index; Hba1c: glycated haemoglobin (A1c); HDL: high density lipoprotein; LDL: low density lipoprotein; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; HsCRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.