Table 1. PhCESA3 silencing alters plant growth.
| TRV (Control) | TRV-PhCESA3 | TRV-PhCESA3/TRV (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Height of plant (cm) | 18.75 ± 1.28 | 10.65 ± 2.03* | 57 |
| Length of internode (cm) | 2.8 ± 0.58 | 0.68 ± 0.20* | 24 |
| Diameter of stem (mm) | 2.25 ± 0.21 | 3.73 ± 0.52* | 166 |
| Length of leaf (cm) | 4.45 ± 0.58 | 3.32 ± 0.23* | 75 |
| Width of leaf (cm) | 2.46 ± 0.31 | 1.84 ± 0.26* | 75 |
| Thickness of leaf (μm) | 198.67 ± 32.55 | 337.93 ± 65.96* | 170 |
| Length of pedicel (cm) | 3.88 ± 0.9 | 1.15 ± 0.28* | 30 |
| Diameter of pedicel (mm) | 1.82 ± 0.21 | 2.75 ± 0.36* | 151 |
| Diameter of corolla (cm) | 6.71 ± 0.48 | 3.81 ± 0.65* | 57 |
| Thickness of petal limb (μm) | 103.24 ± 12.91 | 160.92 ± 33.81* | 156 |
| Length of filament (cm) | 1.19 ± 0.54 | 0.62 ± 0.17* | 52 |
| Diameter of filament (mm) | 0.44 ± 0.03 | 0.80 ± 0.17* | 182 |
| Length of style (cm) | 2.16 ± 0.08 | 1.30 ± 0.21* | 60 |
| Diameter of style (mm) | 0.62 ± 0.07 | 1.20 ± 0.24* | 194 |
| Thickness of stem cortex (μm) | 174.72 ± 24.43 | 301.69 ± 37.68* | 173 |
| Thickness of pedicels cortex (μm) | 277.22 ± 33.74 | 359.73 ± 60.44* | 130 |
*Data are means ± SE from 15 to 20 samples. Statistical analysis was performed using Student t test with 15 to 20 replicates. Asterisk means significant difference at P = 0. 05 level.