Table 2. (a) Charge neutrality condition and (b) electrolyte pH buffering condition.

(a) Charge neutrality condition	(b) Buffer solution condition
Surface charge: Liquid charge: Silicon charge:

In column 1, σ₀ is the sensing oxide surface charge density and A_SG is the SG area. In column 2, C_NaA is the initial conjugate salt concentration, C_HA is the initial acid concentration and K_w is the water dissociation constant.