Figure 1.

(a) XRD patterns of activated Al₂O₃ and Pd/Al₂O₃ catalysts with a series of grounded activated Al₂O₃ particle sizes. (b) to (d) The representative XPS survey spectrum (b), SEM image (c), and TEM image of SP60 sample. (Note: The insert image in Fig. 1c shows the SEM image with a higher magnification, and the insert image in Fig. 1d shows the corresponding HRTEM image of the Pd nanoparticle with red circle.).