Table 3.
Effect of P4P on institutional delivery and on potential mediators
| Effect of P4P (% change) | Observations | |
|---|---|---|
| Maternal care outcomes | ||
| Facility-based delivery | 8.2*** (3.6; 12.8) |
5747 |
| Public facility delivery | 6.5** (1.3; 11.7) |
5747 |
| Taken at least 2 doses of anti-malaria drug | 10.3*** (4.4; 16.1) |
4759 |
| Potential mediators | ||
| Health workers received supervision visit in the last 90 days | 18.0** (4.0; 32.0) |
5100 |
| Drug stock-out index-general (0–1 index) | −17.2***BS
(−28.6;−5.8) |
5659 |
| Drugs at delivery stock-out index (0–1 index) | −27.0***BS
(−43.4;−10.6) |
5639 |
| Oxytocin injection stock-out last 90 days | −36.2***BS
(−55.9;−16.4) |
5618 |
| Ergomentrin injection stock-out last 90 days | −26.1** (−48.2;−4.0) |
5562 |
| Medical supplies stock-out index (0–1 index) | −14.8***BS
(−24.8;−4.9) |
5278 |
| Service delivery disrupted due to broken equipment last 90 days | −14.9** (−29.3;−0.4) |
5602 |
| Health worker knowledge | 18.8***BS
(10.4; 27.2) |
5461 |
| Kindness ranks for health workers at delivery | 4.3* (−0.4; 9.0) |
5747 |
| Percentage of women who paid for delivery in a HF | −4.5* (−9.5; 0.6) |
5750 |
BS Significant at 5% level with Bonferroni adjusted p value for multiple outcomes: Bonferroni adjusted p value for potential mediators within three major groups: Financing 0.0047, governance 0.0017, human resources 0.0414. Indicators within each category in Table 1 have been grouped into: governance (strengthened supervision, active governing committees, increased outreach activities), financing (availability of drugs, medical supplies and equipment, increase insurance enrolment, reduction in user charges), and human resources (health worker more motivated and knowledgeable, improved patient provider interactions, adherence to clinical protocol). 95% confidence intervals in parentheses. Percent sign (%) indicates percentage points change
*p < 0.10; **p < 0.05; ***p < 0.01