Table 4.
Effect of P4P and potential mediators on maternal care outcomes (results from Eq. 3)
| Facility-based delivery (% change) | Public facility delivery (% change) | Taken at least 2 doses of anti-malaria drug (% change) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Effect of P4P without mediators | 8.2*** (3.6; 12.8) |
6.5** (1.3; 11.7) |
10.3*** (4.4; 16.1) |
| Effect of P4P mediated by | |||
| Health worker received supervision in the last 90 days | |||
| - Coefficient on P4P (B 1 ) | 5.6** (4.0; 10.7) |
4.3 (−1.5; 10.2) |
10.7*** (4.1; 17.3) |
| - Coefficient on mediator (B 4 ) | 3.1 (-2.3; 8.5) |
0.8 (-6.6; 8.2) |
8.5*** (2.4; 14.6) |
| Drug stock-out index-general (0-1 index) | |||
| - Coefficient on P4P (B1) | 7.8*** (3.0; 12.6) |
5.5** (0.2; 10.9 |
11.5*** (5.5; 17.4) |
| - Coefficient on mediator (B4) | −3.6 (−9.2; 1.9) |
−2.9 (−9.0; 3.2) |
7.0 (−1.8; 15.8) |
| Drugs at delivery -stock-out index (0–1 index) | |||
| - Coefficient on P4P (B1) | 7.4*** (2.5; 12.3) |
4.6* (−0.6; 9.9) |
10.6*** (4.6; 16.5) |
| - Coefficient on mediator (B4) | −3.2 (−7.6; 1.2) |
−4.3* (−9.0; 0.3) |
0.8 (−5.6; 7.2) |
| Oxytocin injection stock-out last 90 days | |||
| - Coefficient on P4P (B 1 ) | 6.3*** (1.5; 11.1) |
3.8 (−1.6; 9.1) |
10.7*** (4.6; 16.9) |
| - Coefficient on mediator (B 4 ) | −4.9*** (−8.4;−1.4) |
−5.3*** (−8.9;−1.7) |
0.9 (−4.2; 6.1) |
| Ergometrin injection stock-out last 90 days | |||
| - Coefficient on P4P (B1) | 8.1*** (2.8; 13.4) |
5.7** (0.1; 11.4) |
10.8*** (4.7; 16.8) |
| - Coefficient on mediator (B4) | 1.0 (−3.7; 5.6) |
0.5 (−4.4; 5.5) |
0.7 (−4.0; 5.4) |
| Medical supplies stock-out index (0–1 index) | |||
| - Coefficient on P4P (B1) | 8.0*** (3.1; 12.9) |
4.9* (−0.8; 10.6) |
10.9*** (4.3; 17.5) |
| - Coefficient on mediator (B4) | −6.8 (−16.5; 2.8) |
−8.0 (−18.2; 2.2) |
1.3 (−9.8; 12.4) |
| Service delivery disrupted due to broken equipment last 90 days | |||
| - Coefficient on P4P (B1) | 7.7*** (3.0; 12.4) |
5.4** (0.1; 10.6) |
9.9*** (3.8; 16.0) |
| - Coefficient on mediator (B4) | −3.7 (−8.8; 1.5) |
−3.7 (−10.3; 2.9) |
−0.5 (−8.8; 7.7) |
| Health worker knowledge | |||
| - Coefficient on P4P (B1) | 8.6*** (4.0; 13.2) |
6.6** (1.5; 11.7;) |
11.2*** (4.7; 17.6) |
| - Coefficient on mediator (B4) | −5.6 (−14.5; 3.2) |
−1.7 (−12.0; 8.7) |
−3.4 (−17.1; 10.3) |
| Health worker kindness at delivery | |||
| - Coefficient on P4P (B 1 ) | 4.3 (−2.2; 10.8) |
3.3 (−3.2; 9.9) |
10.0*** (4.0; 15.9) |
| - Coefficient on mediator (B 4 ) | 9.1*** (6.4; 11.8) |
8.0*** (4.7; 10.3) |
0.3 (−1.9; 26) |
| Percentage of women who paid for delivery in a HF | |||
| - Coefficient on P4P (B 1 ) | 4.0 (−2.5; 10.5) |
1.5 (−5.0; 8.0) |
9.4*** (3.5; 15.3) |
| - Coefficient on mediator (B 4 ) | −93.5*** (−122.7;−64.4) |
−112.9*** (−141.0;−84.8) |
−17.9* (−35.8; 0.1) |
| Taken at least 2 doses of anti-malaria drug during pregnancy | |||
| - Coefficient on P4P (B1) | 9.3*** (2.5) |
8.2*** (2.9) |
|
| - Coefficient on mediator (B4) | 1.4 (1.2) |
2.1* (1.2) |
|
95% confidence intervals in parentheses; percent sign (%) indicates percentage points change; bold font indicates identified mediators
*p < 0.10; **p < 0.05; ***p < 0.01