Table 7.
Effect of P4P and potential mediators on maternal care outcomes (results from Eq. 3)
| Facility-based delivery (% change) | Public facility delivery—public health facilities only (% change) | Taken at least 2 doses of anti-malaria drug (% change) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Effect of P4P without mediators | 7.9*** | 7.4** | 11.2*** |
| (2.4; 13.3) | (0.9; 13.9) | (3.9, 18.5) | |
| Effect of P4P mediated by | |||
| Health worker received supervision in last 90 days | |||
| - Coefficient on P4P (B1) | 3.7 | 0.3 | 12.8*** |
| (−3.1; 10.4) | (−7.4; 8.1) | (4.5; 21.2) | |
| - Coefficient on mediator (B4) | 0.3 | -2.7 | 8.7* |
| (-6.9; 7.6) | (-11.0; 5.6) | (-0.2; 17.6) | |
| Governing committee met in the past 90 days | |||
| - Coefficient on P4P (B1) | 8.0*** | 5.7* | 11.8*** |
| (2.2; 13.8) | (−0.9; 12.3) | (3.9; 19.8) | |
| - Coefficient on mediator (B4) | 1.8 | −1.4 | 1.0 |
| (−2.9; 6.5) | (−6.7; 4.0) | (−5.5; 7.4) | |
| Drugs at delivery-stock-out index (0–1 index) | |||
| - Coefficient on P4P (B1) | 7.1** | 3.0 | 11.5*** |
| (1.4; 12.9) | (−3.5; 9.5) | (3.6; 19.4) | |
| - Coefficient on mediator (B4) | −4.2* | −5.5* | −1.2 |
| (−9.2; 0.7) | (−11.0; 0.1) | (−8.0; 5.5) | |
| Oxytocin injection stock-out last 90 days | |||
| - Coefficient on P4P (B 1 ) | 5.8** | 1.9 | 12.3*** |
| (0.2; 11.5) | (−4.5; 8.3) | (4.3; 20.3) | |
| - Coefficient on mediator (B 4 ) | −6.3*** | −6.9*** | 0.4 |
| (−10.3; 2.3) | (−11.5;−2.3) | (−5.2; 6.1) | |
| Ergometrin injection stock-out last 90 days | |||
| - Coefficient on P4P (B1) | 8.3*** | 4.5 | 11.9*** |
| (2.3; 14.3) | (−2.2; 11.2) | (3.8; 20.0) | |
| - Coefficient on mediator (B4) | 0.6 | 0.2 | −0.9 |
| (-3.2; 4.5) | (-4.2; 4.5) | (-6.1; 4.3) | |
| Antimalarials stock-out last 90 days | |||
| - Coefficient on P4P (B1) | 7.9*** | 5.7* | 13.0*** |
| (2.9) | (3.4) | (3.9) | |
| - Coefficient on mediator (B4) | −2.4 | −5.2* | 2.5 |
| (2.6) | (3.0) | (3.5) | |
| Service delivery disrupted due to broken equipment last 90 days | |||
| - Coefficient on P4P (B1) | 7.7*** | 3.9 | 11.4*** |
| (2.0; 13.3) | (−2.5; 10.3) | (3.7; 19.2) | |
| - Coefficient on mediator (B4) | −5.0* | −5.3 | −1.5 |
| (−10.6; 0.7) | (−11.7; 1.1) | (−9.2; 6.3) | |
| Health worker knowledge | |||
| - Coefficient on P4P (B1) | 7.6** | 4.3 | 10.1** |
| (1.3; 13.9) | (−2.7; 11.3) | (1.7; 18.5) | |
| - Coefficient on mediator (B4) | −7.2 | −3.2 | 0.5 |
| (−17.9; 3.5) | (−15.2; 8.8) | (−13.8; 14.8) | |
| Health worker kindness | |||
| - Coefficient on P4P (B1) | 7.8*** | 5.2 | 11.6*** |
| (2.2; 13.3) | (−1.1; 11.4) | (4.1; 19.0) | |
| - Coefficient on mediator (B4) | 0.3 | −0.3 | −0.11 |
| (−1.4; 2.0) | (−0.23; 0.16) | (−0.34; 0.12) | |
| Proportion of women who paid for delivery in a HF | |||
| - Coefficient on P4P (B1) | 8.2*** | 3.0 | 9.9** |
| (2.5; 13.8) | (−3.2; 9.1) | (2.4; 17.5) | |
| - Coefficient on mediator (B4) | 3.8 | −27.7*** | −16.6 |
| (−12.6; 20.2) | (−2.4; 1.7) | (−38.5; 5.2) | |
95% confidence intervals in parentheses; percent sign (%) indicates percentage points change; bold font indicates identified mediators
*p < 0.10; **p < 0.05; ***p < 0.01