Table 1.

Primers used for the amplification of PvMCA1-cd, pvmdr1, and Pvcsp of P. vivax isolates

Genes	Primers	Sequences	PCR program
PvMCA1-cd	MCA1-F1	5′-CATGGAAACAAAAAAAAGG-3′	95 °C 10′, 35 cycles 94 °C 30″ 56 °C 30″ 72 °C 2′
	MCA1-R1	5′-CGAAAACTCCATATCTTTGC-3′
pvmdr1	mdr1-F1	5′-ATAGTCATGCCCCAGGATTG-3′	95 °C 10′, 45 cycles 95 °C 10″, 60 °C 10″ and 72 °C 30″
	mdr1-R1	5′-ACGTTTGGTCTGGACAAGTAT-3′
Pvcsp	VCSP-OF	5′-ATGTAGATCTGTCCAAGGCCATAAA-3′	Primary reaction
	VCSP-OR	5′-TAATTGAATAATGCTAGGACTAACAATATG-3′	95 °C 10′, 40 cycles 95 °C 1′, 58 °C 2′ and 72 °C 2′
	VCSP-NF	5′-GCAGAACCAAAAAATCCACGTGAAAATAAG-3′	Nested reaction
	VCSP-NR	5′-CCAACGGTAGCTCTAACTTTATCTAGGTAT-3′	30 cycles 95 °C 1′, 62 °C 2′ and 72 °C 2′

PvMCA1-cd: catalytic domain of Metacaspase1’s P. vivax

Pvmdr1: multidrug-resistant of P. vivax

Pvcsp: circumsporozoite surface protein gene of P. vivax

’: minute

”: second

°C: degree Celsius