Table 1.
A Comparison of Transcription Factors in Selected Eukaryotes
|
Homo sapiens
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gene family | Seed | Found | All | S.c. | C.e. | D.m. |
| Zinc bindinga,b | 422 | 340 | 762 | 139 | 309 | 420 |
| Homeobox | 186 | 13 | 199 | 9 | 84 | 103 |
| BHLH | 92 | 25 | 117 | 8 | 25 | 46 |
| β-Scaffolda | 77 | 10 | 87 | 11 | 34 | 45 |
| BZip | 59 | 13 | 72 | 21 | 25 | 21 |
| NHR | 49 | 0 | 49 | 0 | 252 | 21 |
| Trp cluster | 38 | 8 | 46 | 10 | 13 | 14 |
| Forkhead | 36 | 4 | 40 | 4 | 15 | 18 |
| Bromodomaina | 14 | 3 | 17 | 10 | 13 | 16 |
| T-box | 16 | 1 | 17 | 0 | 21 | 8 |
| Jumonji | 6 | 7 | 13 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| E2F | 9 | 1 | 10 | 0 | 4 | 3 |
| Dwarfin | 9 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| Paired box | 9 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 7 | 5 |
| Heat shock | 6 | 2 | 8 | 5 | 1 | 1 |
| Tubbya | 5 | 2 | 7 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| AF-4b | 7 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| RFX | 6 | 0 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Methyl-CpG-bindinga | 4 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 4 |
| AP-2 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 1 |
| TEAa | 4 | 0 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Pocket domain (Rb)a | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| GCMc,d | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Other | 214 | 14 | 228 | — | — | — |
| Coactivators and corepressors | 111 | 11 | 122 | — | — | — |
| Structural | 80 | 39 | 119 | — | — | — |
| Total | 1468 | 494 | 1962 | 224 | 821 | 744 |
The set of transcription factors is shown for four species, divided into families by the type of DNA-binding domain present and sorted by abundance in human. The data for human transcription factors show the seed and found set numbers separately, as well as the total number from the two sets added together. The Homo sapiens data are from this study. Unless otherwise specified, the data for S. cerevisiae, C. elegans, and D. melanogaster are from Riechmann et al. (2000). bHLH indicates basic helix-loop-helix; bZip, basic leucine zipper; C.e., Caenorhabditis elegans; D.m., Drosophila melanogaster; GCM, glial cell missing; NHR, nuclear hormone receptor; RFX, regulatory factor X; S.c., Saccharomyces cerevisiae; TEA, transcriptional enhancer activator (TEA/ATTS); and Trp cluster, tryptophan cluster.
S. cerevisiae, C. elegans, and D. melanogaster data on zinc binding subfamilies AN1, BTB/POZ-containing, MYND, and PHD, β-scaffold subfamily cold shock, bromodomain family, Tubby family, methyl-CpG-binding family, TEA family, and pocket domain (Rb) family from Rubin et al. (2000); supplemental information (http://www.sciencemag.org/feature/data/1049664.shl).
S. cerevisiae, C. elegans, and D. melanogaster data on zinc binding subfamily MIZ and AF-4 family from “species distribution” feature of Pfam Web site (http://pfam.wustl.edu).
D. melanogaster data on GCM family from Akiyama et al. (1996).
S. cerevisiae and C. elegans data on GCM family from “species distribution” feature of Pfam Web site (http://pfam.wustl.edu).