Table 3.

Unanswered questions and future research

Epidemiology and Risk Factors

Population level incidence, prevalence, and trends using accurate classification and selection Incidence and risk for dysplasia and colitis associated CRC with strictures, and identifying strictures associated with an increased risk for harboring dysplasia or colitis associated CRC Incremental impact of having multiple risk factors present at baseline or over time

Molecular basis and targets of carcinogenesis

Whole exome sequencing of early dysplasia to understand sequence of genetic alterations Predictive and prognostic importance of genetic alterations for progression to CRC Targeted chemoprevention and personalized treatment of early dysplastic lesions with a particular emphasis on NF-kB inhibition, anti-interleukin and anti-cytokine biologics

Surveillance and Endoscopic Management

Risk stratified surveillance techniques and impact on disease outcomes Non-invasive surveillance techniques (stool or blood based DNA testing) Comparative effectiveness of enhanced visualization techniques