Representative axial skeletons of Acvr2b−/− Bmpr2+/− newborn pups. (a and b) Axial skeletons of Acvr2b−/− (a) and Acvr2b−/− Bmpr2+/− (b) mice. Transformation of V23 to T16 in Acvr2b−/− mice (a) was incomplete in Acvr2b−/− Bmpr2+/− mice (b). Asterisks and inset in panel b show small rib rudiments, indicating the incomplete transformation of V23 to the thoracic rib. V29, which mostly forms L6 in Acvr2b−/− (a), formed S1 in Acvr2b−/− Bmpr2+/− (b). (c and d) Sternum and vertebrosternal ribs of Acvr2b−/− (c) and Acvr2b−/− Bmpr2+/− (d) mice, showing eight VS ribs in Acvr2b−/− Bmpr2+/− mice, instead of nine.