Table 1.
Demographic and risk factor variables for IS patients and control subjects
| Characteristics | Controls (n = 250) | IS patients (n = 250) | Crude OR [95% CI] | p value | Adjusteda OR [95% CI] | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age ± SD, years | 52.83 ± 12.59 | 50.97 ± 12.70 | Matched | |||
| Male/female, n | 203/47 | 203/47 | ||||
| Hypertension | 42 (16.8) | 146 (58.4) | 8.4 [4.8–14.6] | <0.0001 | 6.2 [3.2–12] | <0.0001 |
| Diabetes | 26 (10.4) | 79 (31.6) | 3.5 [2.1–5.7] | <0.0001 | 2.1 [1.1–4.2] | 0.02 |
| Dyslipidemia | 14 (5.6) | 57 (22.8) | 5.2 [2.6–10.4] | <0.0001 | 2.4 [1.0–5.7] | 0.04 |
| Smoking | 67 (26.8) | 97 (38.8) | 1.7 [1.1–2.5] | 0.005 | 1.1 [0.6–1.9] | 0.69 |
| Alcohol | 56 (22.4) | 81 (32.4) | 1.8 [1.1–2.8] | 0.008 | 1.8 [0.9–3.5] | 0.05 |
| Myocardial infarction | 4 (1.6) | 17 (6.8) | 5.3 [1.5–18.3] | 0.008 | 1.8 [0.4–7.1] | 0.36 |
| Migraine with aura | 8 (3.2) | 10 (4) | 1.2 [0.4–3.1] | 0.63 | 1.6 [0.4–5.8] | 0.40 |
| Migraine without aura | 4 (1.6) | 5 (2) | 1.2 [0.3–4.6] | 0.33 | 1.3 [0.1–10.9] | 0.78 |
| Low socioeconomic status | 14 (5.6) | 66 (26.4) | 5.0 [2.7–9.0] | <0.0001 | 7.5 [3.0–18.2] | <0.0001 |
| High BMI | 89 (35.6) | 77 (30.8) | 0.7 [0.4–1.0] | 0.11 | 0.8 [0.4–1.4] | 0.50 |
| Sedentary life style | 106 (42.4) | 127 (50.8) | 1.4 [1.0–2.1] | 0.04 | 1.1 [0.6–1.9] | 0.6 |
| Physical activity | 136 (54.4) | 107 (42.8) | 0.6 [0.4–0.8] | 0.009 | 0.7 [0.4–1.3] | 0.36 |
| Family history of stroke | 9 (3.6) | 32 (12.8) | 3.5 [1.6–7.4] | 0.001 | 6.8 [2.2–20.9] | 0.001 |
| Family history of diabetes | 28 (11.2) | 48 (19.2) | 1.8 [1.1–3.1] | 0.015 | 3.1 [1.4–6.9] | 0.004 |
| Family history of hypertension | 34 (13.6) | 61 (24.4) | 2.0 [1.2–3.1] | 0.003 | 1.8 [0.9–3.4] | 0.06 |
| Family history of heart attack | 14 (5.6) | 19 (7.6) | 1.4 [0.6–3.1] | 0.33 | 1.7 [0.5–5.9] | 0.38 |
Values are presented as n (%) unless specified otherwise. Conditional logistic regression analysis. Boldface denotes significance (p < 0.05). IS = Ischemic stroke; BMI = body mass index; OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; SD = standard deviation.
a
Adjusted variables include hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, family history of stroke, alcohol, sedentary lifestyle, and low socioeconomic status.