Table 3.

Six-month changes in Vitamin A and retinoid levels by treatment group in IIH subjects

	Acetazolamide (n = 16)	P-value†	Placebo (n = 21)	P-value†	P-value§
Serum retinol (µM)	0.31 (−0.12, 0.57)	0.02	0.11 (−0.20, 0.36)	0.19	0.28
Serum ATRA (nM)	0.28 (−1.57, 2.08)	0.60	−0.20 (−0.68, 0.99)	0.91	0.75
Serum beta-carotene (µM)	0.08 (0.01, 0.15)	0.001	0.05 (−0.03, 0.12)	0.19	0.24
Serum alpha-carotene (µM)	0.02 (0.00, 0.06)	0.01	−0.01 (−0.02, 0.01)	0.40	0.01
Serum beta- cryptoxanthin (µM)	0.02 (−0.01, 0.05)	0.12	0.01 (−0.04, 0.02)	0.70	0.22
Serum RBP (µM)	0.06 (−0.18, 0.48)	0.67	−0.01 (−0.40, 0.30)	0.54	0.37
Molar retinol/RBP ratio	0.13 (−0.03, 0.28)	0.12	0.25 (−0.08, 0.39)	0.06	0.59
CSF ATRA (pg/ml)	6.52 (−1.97, 9.20)	0.11	−3.07 (−4.89, −0.80)	0.11	0.04
CSF RBP (nM)	3.29 (2.46, 3.62)	0.06	−0.20 (−1.83, 2.33)	1.00	0.08
CSF retinol (nM)	2.17 (0.28, 2.79)	0.008	0.67 (−0.58, 2.05)	0.31	0.20

ATRA = all-trans retinoic acid; RBP = Retinol-binding-protein; NA = Not applicable Values are median (25th percentile, 75th percentile)

^†P-value for significance of within-group change from baseline based on Wilcoxon signed rank test

^§P-value for significance of between-group difference at six months based on Wilcoxon rank sum test

Note, when the p-values are compared to the adjusted significance for multiple comparisons, significance requires p < 0.007