Table 2.

Heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and central venous pressure in the two groups

Parameter	Time	Control group (n=76)	GDT group (n=66)	P
Heart rate	T1	68.07±6.61*	68.61±5.47*	0.600
	T2	92.17±6.89*	92.53±7.21	0.762
	T3	100.58±7.6*	98.80±7.52*	0.165
	T4	101.13±5.67*	99.14±7.7*	0.078
	T5	101.99±5.38*	100.55±7.58*	0.189
	T6	101.53±6.62*	99.86±6.83*	0.144
MAP	T1	89.01±6.96*	89.14±6.15*	0.912
	T2	94.43±4.31*	93.85±5.36*	0.472
	T3	93.96±11.85*	94.33±5.65*	0.816
	T4	93.33±5.33*	93.65±4.88*	0.709
	T5	94.82±5.05*	94.44±5.4*	0.669
	T6	93.03±5.16*	94.08±5.5*	0.243
CVP	T1	6.21±0.48*	6.24±0.43*	0.746
	T2	6.65±0.89*	6.53±0.84*	0.389
	T3	6.55±1.07*	6.30±0.57*	0.087
	T4	6.70±0.7*	6.91±0.93*	0.133
	T5	6.82±0.86*	7.09±0.98*	0.081
	T6	6.83±1.00*	6.99±1.14*	0.398

*Standard deviation, P<0.05 is considered statistically significant. T₁ (baseline), T₂ (sternal closure), T₃ (0), T₄ (12), T₅ (24), T₆ (48) hours in ICU. ICU: Intensive Care Unit, GDT: Goal-directed therapy, MAP: Mean arterial pressure, CVP: Central venous pressure