Comparison of growth of wild-type and nrfA mutant D. vulgaris in WP-LS. Cell density (▴, OD600) and the concentrations of sulfate (○), sulfide (•), nitrate (□), and nitrite (▪) are plotted as a function of time. (A) Wild type without nitrate or nitrite, (B) wild type with 10 mM nitrate, (C) wild type with 5 mM nitrite added at the indicated time (↓), (D) nrfA mutant without nitrate or nitrite.