Table 3. Differences in pain and situation during endoscopy.

	Spray group(n = 157)	Combination group(n = 170)	P value
Pain by visual analogue scale	2.27 ± 2.88	2.33 ± 2.63	0.85
Pharyngeal observation time, seconds	72.0 ± 34.7	67.0 ± 27.8	0.15
Number of gag reflexes	2.12 ± 2.58	1.68 ± 2.27	0.10
Adverse events
(Decrease in SpO2)	4 (2.55 %)	9 (5.29 %)	0.20
(Decrease in blood pressure)	0 (0 %)	3 (1.76 %)	0.27
(Bradycardia)	0 (0 %)	0 (0 %)	1.00