Table 1.
Characteristics of study cohort
| Characteristics | Visual Grade | PRISm | Smoking Controls | GOLD 1 | GOLD 2 | GOLD 3 | GOLD 4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 162 | 564 | 176 | 309 | 200 | 128 | |
| Sex (% male) | 41 | 43 | 62 | 55 | 62 | 50 | |
| Age | 62 (8) | 61 (8) | 64 (8) | 65 (8) | 65 (8) | 64 (7) | |
| Pack-years | 40 (30–54) | 35 (23–47) | 42 (31–60) | 47 (35–68) | 52 (40–75) | 49 (38–70) | |
| FEV1/FVC | 0.76 (0.04) | 0.78 (0.05) | 0.64 (0.05) | 0.57 (0.09) | 0.44 (0.10) | 0.31 (0.06) | |
| FEV1 % predicted | 71 (8) | 97 (11) | 92 (10) | 64 (8) | 40 (6) | 23 (5) | |
| LAA-950 | 0.9 (0.4–2.8) | 1.8 (0.7–4.2) | 4.6 (2.0–9.0) | 5.9 (2.5–13.2) | 16.0 (6.7–25.6) | 26.3 (15.5–40.1) | |
| Pi10 | 3.68 (0.11) | 3.64 (0.09) | 3.61 (0.10) | 3.68 (0.13) | 3.72 (0.13) | 3.75 (0.13) | |
| WAP | 61.5 (2.8) | 59.6 (2.6) | 59.9 (2.5) | 62.1 (2.8) | 63.2 (2.8) | 63.6 (2.8) | |
| Emphysema visual grade* | 0 | 98 [6.4] | 389 [25.3] | 53 [3.4] | 79 [5.1] | 16 [1.0] | 4 [0.3] |
| 1 | 36 [2.3] | 100 [6.5] | 30 [1.9] | 51 [3.3] | 18 [1.2] | 3 [0.2] | |
| 2 | 21 [1.4] | 57 [3.7] | 42 [2.7] | 68 [4.4] | 33 [2.1] | 6 [0.4] | |
| 3 | 4 [0.3] | 14 [0.9] | 29 [1.9] | 50 [3.2] | 42 [2.7] | 22 [1.4] | |
| 4 | 3 [0.2] | 4 [0.3] | 16 [1.0] | 37 [2.4] | 43 [2.8] | 29 [1.9] | |
| 5 | 0 [0.0] | 0 [0.0] | 6 [0.4] | 24 [1.6] | 48 [3.1] | 64 [4.2] | |
| Airway wall thickness visual grade† | 0 | 24 [1.6] | 141 [9.2] | 27 [1.8] | 9 [0.6] | 1 [0.1] | 0 [0] |
| 1 | 66 [4.3] | 312 [20.3] | 86 [5.6] | 82 [5.3] | 19 [1.2] | 5 [0.3] | |
| 2 | 72 [4.7] | 111 [7.2] | 63 [4.1] | 218 [14.2] | 180 [11.7] | 123 [8.0] |
Definition of abbreviations: GOLD = Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; LAA-950 = percentage of low attenuation areas below −950 Hounsfield units; Pi10 = square root of wall area for airways standardized at an internal perimeter of 10 mm as calculated by VIDA software; PRISm = preserved ratio impaired spirometry (postbronchodilator FEV1/FVC ≥ 0.7 and FEV1 < 80% predicted); smoking controls = smoker subjects with postbronchodilator FEV1 % predicted ≥ 80% and FEV1/FVC ≥ 0.7; WAP = wall area percent of airways for segmental (third-generation) bronchi as calculated by VIDA software.
Values are mean (SD) or median (interquartile range). Numbers shown for visual score categories include fractional scores (i.e., averaged scores of 2.5 are reported under the 3 category).
Data presented in the Emphysema section are visual grade and n [% of total].
Data presented in the Airway wall thickness section are visual grade and n [% of total].